三峰派禪匠具德禪師（1600-1667）住持徑山之因緣與影響考述：以〈受請書啟〉為中心討論

A Study on the Causes, Conditions and Impact of the the Abbacy of Chan Master Jude Hongli (1600-1667)’s at Jingshan Monastery: Discussion Centered on the“Received Invitation Letters”

《徑山具德禪師語錄》是一部原藏於首都圖書館、清初刊行的禪宗孤本文獻，前半部收錄了二十通在康熙年間地方官紳、法侶等各界人士寫給三峰派具德弘禮禪師的尺牘，主要內容均與迎請具德禪師住持杭州徑山寺之事有關，因此稱為〈受請書啟〉。歷來佛教寺院內部事務的實際運作情況外人難知，如古剎名藍如何得主？禪僧何以住持一方而法化天下？本文以具德禪師為例，透過語錄中所收錄的信札，了解清初江南禪林迎請禪門宗匠住持名山大剎的事由，並可進一步佐證僧俗交遊往來所構建的社會關係，對已具名望的禪僧重興祖庭、恢復叢林體制而能起推波助瀾之功，乃至為其入院後的住持職權運作，發揮了效用。此外，本文藉由考察禪師生平文獻的內容，期能揭示珍稀本禪師語錄的文獻價值和文本的性質作用。

The Recorded Sayings of Chan Master Jude is a rare, early Qing Dynasty Chan text formerly held in the Capital Library in Beijing. The first half of the text contains twenty letters written by local officials, gentry, and dharma-companions to Sanfeng School三峰派Chan master Jude Hongli具德弘禮during the Kangxi period. These letters were primarily concerned with inviting master Jude to take on the abbotship of Jingshan monastery徑山寺in Hangzhou. Thus, they are collectively titled the“Received Invitation Letters.”Throughout history, the internal operations of monasteries have often been obscure to outsiders. How were abbotship appointments made at eminent Chan monasteries? How were Chan masters invited to take on leadership roles and propagate the Dharma? This article examines the case of Chan master Jude, using the letters collected in his Recorded Sayings to investigate the causes and conditions surrounding a renowned Chan monastery inviting a Chan master to become its abbot in early Qing Jiangnan. This article further demonstrates how a well-known Chan master’s social relationship with the laity, formed through their interactions, played a role in revitalizing a famous Chan monastery, restoring the monastic system, and supporting the Chan master’s successful monastic administration. Lastly, by examining the biographical and textual content of master Jude’s Recorded Sayings, this article explores the literary value, textual characteristics, and impact of this precious work.