| 中文摘要 |
本研究著眼於書面語及口語中所使用的使役表現,特別關注前接動詞特徵。調查結果可彙整如下:1)使役表現的使用率整體偏低,尤其口語中比書面語中使用更少、2)書面語中多為「他動詞的用法」,而在日常會話及具口語性質的書面語中,「有情物使役」的使用較多、3)根據使役表現類型,上位前接動詞各有不同,但整體上上位前接動詞集中於極少數的動詞、4)「裸使役」的前接動詞中,「有對他動詞」與「無對他動詞」出現較多,而「他動詞的用法」的前接動詞則多為「有對自動詞」與「無對自動詞」。 此外從日語教育的角度思考,本研究提出以下3點:1)使用「有情物使役」時需考慮人際關係,因此於會話練習時必須讓學習者意識到此特點、2)導入使役表現時,無需使用大量動詞說明,僅須利用部分常用動詞來練習變化形及常用句型即可、3)教授「他動詞的用法」時,需特別說明「無對自動詞」的使役形與他動詞的不同,但在會話練習時並非必須。上述分析結果可望對日語使役表現教學有所助益。 The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of Japanese causative expressions, particularly the features of the preceding verbs. Key findings are: a) Causative expressions are used infrequently, especially in spoken language. b) Written language favors "transitive usage," while spoken language show more animate causatives. c) The type of causative affects the top preceding verbs, which are concentrated in a few verbs. d) "Bare causatives" use paired and unpaired transitive verbs, while "transitive usage" involves paired and unpaired intransitive verbs. For Japanese language education: a) Emphasize interpersonal relationships in animate causatives during conversation practice. b) Use a limited number of verbs to practice causative forms and patterns. c) Explain distinctions between causative forms of unpaired intransitive verbs and transitive verbs, though this is not essential for conversation practice. These findings aim to improve teaching methods for Japanese causative expressions. |