| 中文摘要 |
本論文透過台灣出兵事件來考察大隈重信的財政政策。大隈在擔任大藏大臣和蕃地事務局長官期間,面對台灣出兵時首先遇到的難題是軍隊的運輸問題,由於外國公使的抗議,他無法租借到船隻,最終只能向歐美購買汽船,雖然超出預期的軍事費用,但台灣出兵事件促使大隈不僅把海運用於軍事目的,還將其發展至貿易和殖產興業。 此外,在台灣出兵的明治7年,包括軍事費用在內的臨時支出大幅增加,給國家財政帶來了巨大負擔。大隈利用會計年度變更的機會,採用提前使用下一財政年度收入的方法,成功解決了明治7年的財政赤字。 許多先行研究指出,台灣出兵事件對岩崎弥太郎領導的三菱汽船公司的經營方式、與政府的關係以及後續的業務發展產生了廣泛的影響。另一方面,透過本論文的分析也顯示,大隈通過台灣出兵事件意識到了海運的重要性,並將這一點反映在了後續的海運政策和殖產興業政策中。 This paper examines Okuma Shigenobu's fiscal policy through the Taiwan Expedition. During his tenure as Finance Minister and Director of the Bureau of Colonial Affairs, Okuma faced the initial challenge of transporting troops during the Taiwan Expedition. Due to protests from foreign diplomats, he was unable to rent ships and ultimately had to purchase steamships from Europe and the United States. Although this exceeded the expected military expenses, the Taiwan Expedition prompted Okuma to not only use maritime transport for military purposes but also expand it to trade and industrial promotion. In addition, in the 7th year of Meiji when the Taiwan Expedition took place, temporary expenditures, including military expenses, increased significantly, imposing a heavy burden on the national finances. Okuma took advantage of the change in the fiscal year and adopted the method of using the income of the next fiscal year in advance, successfully resolving the fiscal deficit of the 7th year of Meiji. Through the analysis presented in this paper, it is demonstrated that Okuma Shigenobu recognized the significance of maritime transport during the Taiwan Expedition and subsequently integrated this understanding into later maritime policies and industrial promotion strategies. |