| 中文摘要 |
隨著中美兩國之間對立加劇、新冠病毒疫情爆發以及俄羅斯對烏克蘭發動軍事攻擊等危機的出現,日本再次認識到「經濟安全保障」的重要性。過去討論經濟安全保障時,通常著眼於糧食、能源資源、半導體以及稀土等尖端材料的穩定供應。然而,近年來其範圍實已擴展至脫碳及可再生能源領域。就國內產業發展層面而言,作為「綠色轉型」(GX)的一部分,日本積極推動可再生能源、氫能、氨等次世代能源的基礎設施開發;就對外合作層面而言,日本致力於簽訂美印等14國成立的「印太經濟框架」(IPEF)中的脫碳相關協定,並建立「亞洲淨零碳排共同體」(AZEC)。本文主張經濟安全保障的範疇日益擴大,並從法律制度、產業政策以及對外合作等角度探討其理念與內涵。 In Japan, the‘economic security’is becoming increasingly important in the face of intensifying U.S.-China tensions, the COVID-19 pandemic, and Russia’s military invasion of Ukraine. Previously,‘economic security’focused primarily on the stable supply of essential resources like food, fossil fuels, and materials critical for advanced industries such as semiconductors and rare earths. However, it has recently become clear that the scope of this has extended to the fields of decarbonization and renewable energy. Domestically, Japan is working on ensuring a stable energy supply by promoting the Green Transformation (GX), which includes expanding the introduction of renewable energy, developing the supply chain for hydrogen and ammonia, and establishing a foundation for next-generation energy. On the international front, Japan is involved in developing decarbonization agreements within the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF), which includes the United States and India; and in the establishment of the Asia Zero Emission Community (AZEC). This article provides an overview of Japan’s economic security initiatives, and discusses the idea of“expanding economic security,”particularly in the areas of decarbonization and renewable energy, from the perspectives of law and regulation, industrial policy, and international cooperation. |