數學體現活動 教學之研究──以二年級長度測量為例

Research on the Teaching of Mathematics Embodied Activities - Taking Length Measurement in Second Grade

本研究旨在探討體現認知數學活動融入國小二年級長度單元教學後，學生在長度知識概念以及量感的學習成效。研究者根據體現認知理論和數學領域課程綱要中的長度學習表現與學習內容，自編體現認知活動，對臺中市某國小二年級學生進行教學。教學前、後對學生施以長度操作測驗，過程中讓學生透過肢體進行操作，並習寫學習單，以瞭解學生操作情形。研究者觀察學生操作中的肢體動作，並使用課室錄影及照片紀錄分析學童表現。研究發現：（一）體現活動實施後，學生在「長度操作測驗」的表現有顯著進步。（二）體現活動提供操作機會，促進生活經驗連結，增長長度知識。綜合教學研究實施與本次行動研究結果，未來教師在教授長度概念和培養學生量感方面，可借鑒體現認知理論，設計適合的數學活動。本研究提出以下教學建議：（一）體現活動之課程安排需要考量學生的數學程度。（二）體現活動雖然有趣，但教師需要安排較多時間去實施。未來研究亦可以考慮設置實驗組與對照組，或採用其他單元，來進一步驗證結果。

This research aims to explore the effectiveness of students' knowledge concepts of length and sense of quantity after the cognitive mathematics activity curriculum is integrated into length unit teaching in the second grade of elementary schools. Based on the embodied cognition theory and the learning performance and learning content in the curriculum syllabus in the field of mathematics, the researcher compiled a self-organized embodied cognition activity team to teach second-year students in an elementary school in Taichung City. Length operation tests are administered to students before and after teaching. During the process, students are allowed to operate with their bodies and write study sheets to understand the students' operation conditions. The researchers observed students' body movements during operations and used classroom videos and photo records to analyze students' performance. Research found:
1. After the implementation of the reflection activities, students' performance in the ''Length Operation Test'' has improved significantly.
2. Reflective activities provide operational opportunities, promote connections between life experiences, and increase knowledge.
Based on the implementation of teaching research and the results of this action research, future teachers can draw on embodied cognition theory to design suitable mathematics activities in teaching the concept of length and cultivating students' sense of quantity. This study puts forward the following teaching and research suggestions:
1. Curriculum arrangements that reflect activities need to take into account students’mathematics level.
2. Although the reflection activities are interesting, teachers need to allocate more time to implement them.
Future research could consider establishing experimental and control groups or employing other units to further validate the results.