澳洲學校教育應用生成式人工智慧之政策探析

Education Policy for GenAI in Schooling in Australia

自2022年底聊天生成式預訓練轉換器（ChatGPT）正式問世以來，生成式人工智慧工具以及相關應用技術的發展可謂銳不可擋。為了防止其遭到濫用，影響教育品質，大部分國家至少在中小學階段，皆採取禁止於校園中使用等措施。在整合多份研究成果後，聯合國教科文組織呼籲，各國政府應當擬定適當的政策，導引「以人為本」的生成式人工智慧工具的開發與使用。本文透過內容分析的方式，聚焦在澳洲聯邦政府與州政府的政策文件上，如何闡述生成式人工智慧工具在學校教育中的使用，形成必須存在且回應的政策問題，並討論對於風險監督與追蹤、使用方式的限制與審查，以及最後形成有關「負責任的使用」等政策論述。

Since the official launch of ChatGPT in 2022, the development and application of generative artificial intelligence GenAI have become unstoppable. To prevent GenAI from being used a tool for cheating, most countries, at least in schooling, banned the use of GenAI on campus. Concluding relating literature, UNESCO advocates that governments should initiate GenAI policies for guiding a more human centred development and utilisation of GenAI tools. Through content analysis of policy documents generated by the federal government and state governments of Australia, this paper investigates how the use of GenAI tools in schools is constructed as a policy problem. And the paper discusses the GenAI policy from the perspectives of risk monitor, limit and review, and the discourse of responsible use.