大學生運動習慣對內在需求的影響──以自主須求滿足為中介變項

The Impact of Exercise Habits on College Students’Intrinsic Needs—the Mediating Role of Autonomy Need Satisfaction

有感於當今社會急速發展，人們普遍呈現高壓的狀態，運動已被證實為助於釋放壓力、提升身心理健康的有效途徑。然而，大學生在學業、社交等多重的壓力下，往往忽略運動對於身心健康的重要性，此議題在課業更為繁重的師資生群體中更顯重要，而如何擁有良好的自主性與勝任感亦是師資培育中重要的一環。因此，本研究旨在探討大學生運動習慣對其內在需求—自主需求和勝任需求的影響，並特別關注師資生的情況。本研究採用「基本心理需求滿足和挫折量表」為測量工具，以便利性採樣發放網路問卷，共回收台灣北、中、南和東部的大專院校252名大學生的回覆，研究資料經由SPSS27進行資料處理，以積差相關和階層迴歸分析考驗研究假設。茲將研究結果分述如下：一、大學生的運動頻率與其自主需求滿足呈正相關；二、大學生的運動頻率與其勝任需求滿足呈正相關；三、自主需求滿足與勝任需求滿足呈正相關；四、自主需求滿足在運動頻率與勝任需求滿足兩者之間的關係有中介效應。根據以上研究發現，本研究提出進一步的討論，期望從不同視角看待師資培育制度，並提供大專院校培育師資生制度上之建議及未來之研究方向，以利師資生的內在需求滿足，為其未來的職業發展打下良好基礎。

In view of the rapid development of today's society and the general state of high pressure, exercise has been proved to be an effective way to help release pressure and improve physical and mental health. However, under the multiple pressure of academics and social life, college students tend to neglect the importance of exercise for their physical and mental health. This issue is more crucial among the teacher education students, who facing a heavy academic pressure, and how to have a good autonomy and competence is also an important part of teacher training. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of college students' exercise habits on their intrinsic needs - the need for autonomy and competence with a special focus on teacher education students. The study used the BPNSFS as the measurement tool, and distributed the questionnaire on the Internet with convenience sampling, gathering responses from 252 college students in Taiwan. The data were processed by SPSS27 to test the hypotheses of the study by using the cumulative correlation and hierarchical regression analyses. The findings of the study are summarized as follows: (1) College students' exercise frequency is positive correlation with the autonomy need satisfaction. (2) College students' exercise frequency is positive correlation with competency need satisfaction. (3) Autonomy need satisfaction is positive correlation with competency need satisfaction. (4) Exercise frequency had complete mediating effect and could affect competency need satisfaction through Autonomy need satisfaction. Consequently, this study proposes a further discussion in order to look at the teacher education system from different perspectives, and to provide suggestions on the system of cultivating teacher education students in colleges as well as the direction of future research, so as to facilitate the intrinsic need satisfaction of teacher education students and to lay a good foundation for their future career development.