探討原住民高等教育學生休退學相關因素及政策回應

本研究的目的，旨在探討我國原住民高等教育學生的休退學相關因素，透過串連教育部、原住民族委員會、內政部、衛福部等多個部會資料庫的相關數據，檢視學校、家庭，與個人等因素與休退學的關聯性，以提供政策制定參考。本研究發現，家庭因素沒有獲得數據上的支持，而影響原住民大專學生休退學的因素與學校因素、個人因素有關，包括：（一）碩士班的學生休退學率高於學士班；（二）私立科技大學的學生休退學率高於公立科技大學、私立普通大學、公立普通大學；（三）社會類及人文類的學生休退學率，較科學類要來得高；（四）原住民專班的學生休退學率低於一般班；（五）男學生的休退學率高於女學生；（六）學業成績PR25以下的學生休退學率較其他組別來得高；（七）無申請獎學金的學生休退學率高於有申請獎學金的學生。基於研究結果，提出以下建議：（一）整合不同部會的數據，進行系統性的規劃和整合；（二）進行全面性的基礎資料蒐集和後續深入分析，以更精確地理解高等教育原住民學生休退學議題的相關因素，並在有限的資源下進行有效的投入。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors related to attrition among Indigenous college students in our country. By linking relevant data from multiple governmental databases, the study examines the correlation between factors such as school, family, and personal factors and student attrition, aiming to provide reference for policy formulation. The study found that family factors did not receive statistical support, while factors contributing to attrition among Indigenous college students were related to school and individual factors, including: (1) the attrition rate of graduate students is higher than that of undergraduate students; (2) the attrition rate of students from private technological universities is higher than that of students from public technological universities, private comprehensive universities, and public comprehensive universities; (3) the attrition rate of students in social science and humanities majors is higher than that of students in science majors; (4) the attrition rate of students in Indigenous programs is lower than that of students in regular programs; (5) the attrition rate of male students is higher than that of female students; (6) the attrition rate of students with academic performance below PR25 is higher than that of other groups; (7) the attrition rate of students who did not apply for scholarships is higher than that of students who did apply. Based on the research findings, the following recommendations are proposed: (1) integrate data from different departments for systematic planning and integration; (2) conduct comprehensive basic data collection and subsequent in-depth analysis to better understand the relevant factors of attrition among Indigenous students in higher education and make effective investments with limited resources.