跨越疆界的戰友：川島威伸、摩羅泰島戰友會與臺灣人原日本兵

1945年，第二次世界大戰結束，曾經在戰場上一同作戰的日本人與臺灣人在戰後分屬於兩個不同的國家。不過，他們之間的交流並未結束，甚至在1970年代中後期，還有部分戰前的日本軍人與臺灣人原日本兵士站在同一陣線向當時的日本政府提出補償的要求。目前一般認為，臺灣人原日本兵對日本的索償運動，源於臺灣人殘留日本兵中村輝夫（阿美族名史尼育唔；漢名李光輝）於1974年12月在印尼摩洛泰島被發現。在這個過程中，有一位日本軍人橫跨了戰前、中村輝夫的發現以及接下來的索償運動。這位日本軍人是本文的主角川島威伸少佐，其戰時是輝第二游擊隊隊長，和中村輝夫在內的高砂族特別志願兵一同在摩羅泰島作戰；戰後，川島威伸則在前往摩羅泰島從事慰靈與遺骨收集時，得知尚有殘留日本兵滯留於叢林，並設法加以救援，而這位殘留日本兵即為中村輝夫；在川島威伸於1989年過世之前，其代表摩羅泰戰友會參加索償運動，並在法庭上替臺灣人原日本兵提出證言。川島威伸的一生，可說是橫跨了臺灣人原日本兵的戰時與戰後史。本文希望透過回顧川島威伸的一生、其和臺灣人原日本兵的互動，以及日本戰友會、慰靈以及遺骨送還的戰後史。來探討過往較少論及的日臺戰友交流史。

After the end of World War II in 1945, Japanese and Taiwanese soldiers who had fought together on the battlefield were separated into two different countries. However, their communication continued. Even in the mid-to-late 1970s, some pre-war Japanese soldiers and Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman were standing on the same front line, demanding compensation from the Japanese government. It is generally believed that the movement for Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman to seek compensation from Japan stems from the discovery of Nakamura Teruo (Amis name: Suniuo; Chinese name: Li Kuang-Hui), the last Japanese straggler, on Morotai Island in Indonesia in December 1974. Throughout this process, a Japanese soldier spanned the pre-war period, Nakamura Teruo's discovery, and the subsequent compensation movement. This Japanese soldier is the protagonist of this article, Major Kawashima Takenobu: During the war, Kawashima Takenobu fought alongside Nakamura Teruo and other Tagasago Volunteer Soldiers on Morotai Island; after the war, Kawashima went to Morotai Island to console the soul of the dead and collect the remains of comrades, where he learned that there was Japanese soldier still stranded in the jungle and managed to rescue him, the soldier is Nakamura Teruo; before Kawashima passed away in 1989, he represented the Morotai Island Comrades Association in the compensation movement and testified for the Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman in court. Kawashima Takenobu's life spanned the wartime and post-war history of Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman. This article explores the lesser-discussed history of Japanese-Taiwanese Comrades through a retrospective of Kawashima Takenobu's life, his interactions with Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman, and the postwar history of the Japan Comrades Association.