二戰時期在海南島的臺灣人

1939年日軍攻佔海南島後，有2萬多名臺灣人以各種不同身分前往海南島。1945年日本戰敗後，臺灣人面臨著危險、艱困的返鄉路，如何協助臺人子弟迅速脫險返鄉，成為影響戰後臺灣民情的重大事情。過去的研究對於在海南島之臺灣人的諸多面向，特別是個人的特殊經歷，已經有若干研究成果，不過，臺灣人在海南島的具體群像，還是模糊不清。本文試著從戰後日本、中國雙方的檔案資料，例如日本亞細亞資料中心之相關檔案、臺灣文獻館之《臺灣拓殖株式會社檔案》《臺灣省行政長官公署檔案》、中研院近史所藏之《農林部檔案》《外交部檔案》等，盡可能的重建臺灣人在海南島的群像，並試圖與在其他地區之臺灣人相較，藉以凸顯在海南島臺灣人之特色。

After the Japanese military occupied Hainan Island in 1939, over 20,000 Taiwanese people traveled to Hainan Island in various capacities. Following Japan's defeat in 1945, Taiwanese people faced a dangerous and difficult journey home. How to assist Taiwanese descendants in returning home quickly became a significant issue affecting post-war sentiment in Taiwan. Previous research has yielded several results regarding various aspects of Taiwanese people in Hainan Island, particularly individual experiences. However, the specific collective image of Taiwanese people on Hainan Island remains unclear. This article attempts to reconstruct the image of Taiwanese people on Hainan Island as much as possible, drawing from archival materials from post-war Japan and China, such as relevant documents from the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records, the "Records of the Taiwan Development Company" and "Archives of Taiwan Provincial Government of ROC in Postwar" from the Taiwan Historica, as well as "Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Archives" and "Ministry of Foreign Affairs Archives" from the Institute of Modern History at Academia Sinica. The aim is to highlight the characteristics of Taiwanese people on Hainan Island in comparison to Taiwanese people in other regions.