綠地系統文化生態系統服務識別與評價：受益者觀點分析

Identification and Evaluation of Cultural Ecosystem Services in the Green-Land System: An Analysis from the Beneficiaries’Perspective

綠地提供多種文化生態系統服務讓人們透過體驗而從中受益，而綠地本身的環境特性以至於經營管理皆有其階層性。本研究基於文化生態系統服務的非物質與無形特性，從受益者觀點進行各級綠地文化生態系統服務的識別、重要度與表現度評價。以文獻回顧及專家深度訪談，將綠地系統歸納為11層級，並彙整前人研究歸納14項文化生態系統服務，據以發展結構式問卷。以臺灣民眾為受訪對象，採網路問卷調查民眾對各級綠地文化生態系統服務之識別，針對識別的文化生態系統服務，進一步進行重要度與表現度評價。研究結果顯示，綠地層級越高文化生態系統服務的識別數量與識別度越高，綠地文化生態系統服務之重要度普遍高於表現度，層級越高，多數文化生態系統服務座落於「持續保持區」及「過度重視區」，而層級較低的都市微型綠化空間，各文化生態系統服務項目皆位於「改善重點區」及「次要改善區」。

Green-land (GL) provides a variety of cultural ecosystem services (CESs) that people can experience and benefit from. There are hierarchies in the environmental characteristics and management of GLs. Based on the non-material and intangible properties of CESs, this study identified and evaluated the importance and performance of the CESs provided by GLs from the perspectives of beneficiaries. It was done by first conducting a literature review and then conducting in-depth expert interviews. The results of the study led to the conclusion of an 11-level Green-land system (GLS). Fourteen CES items were derived from the literature review. The survey population consisted of the general public of Taiwan. A structural questionnaire was developed and web-based questionnaires were conducted. The respondents were asked to identify the CESs of the 11 levels of GLS and to rate the importance and performance of the identified CESs. The results of the study indicate that the quantity and degree of CESs identified increase with the GLS. The importance values were generally higher than their performance values. For the higher level GLS, the majority of CESs were located in the categories of“Keep Up the Good Work”and“Possible Overkill.”In contrast, for the lower levels of GLS, all the CESs were located in the categories of“Concentrate Here”and“Low Priority.”