論散布色情深度偽造影音之處罰

Research on the Punishment of Distributing Pornographic Deepfakes

深度偽造影音，作為人工智慧的新興應用，其真假難辨，撼動人類既有認知。自其當前商業、教育與醫療等用途以觀，前景不可限量，然與此同時，所帶來之危害也不容小覷。近年來，世界各國無不投身於思索因應之道，我國亦不例外。經小玉換臉事件引起輿論，我國推動深度偽造影音之立法，其中色情部分於2023年2月在刑法中增訂第319條之4不實性影像罪及第10條第8項性影像定義並施行。本文嘗試自該社會事件之案例事實出發，輔以其第一審判決（臺灣新北地方法院111年度審訴字第356號刑事判決），先探討新法施行前的既有規範應如何適用與其有何不足，進而從新法之定位、處罰範圍、法律效果與是否採行告訴乃論四大面向，評析新法是否妥適，並且提出試擬條文作為立法建議。期盼檢討之結果，對於因應色情深度偽造影音之法制建構，有所助益。

Deepfakes are emerging applications of artificial intelligence that are so indistinguishable from the reality that they are challenging human perceptions. Since they are used in business, education and medication, their future is unlimited, but the harm they bring is not to be underestimated. In recent years, many countries have been engaged in considering ways to address the issue, and our country is no exception. As a result of social events and public opinion, Taiwan has been promoting legislation on deepfakes, including the enactment of new laws on pornographic deepfakes（Paragraph 8 of Article 10 and Article 319-4 of Criminal Code）in February 2023. This study attempts to begin with the facts of the social event, to examine how the existing regulations before the implementation of the new law should be applied and its shortcomings with the criminal judgement【No. 356 Criminal Judgement (2022) of Taiwan New Taipei District Court】; and then, from the four major aspects of the new law, including its positioning, scope of penalties, legal effects, and whether or not to apply no trial without complaint, to analyze if the new law is appropriate or not, and make legislative recommendations. I am hoping this study may help to build a legal framework to deal with pornographic deepfakes.