肢體對稱性參數對十字韌帶重建患者運動表現之探討

A study on the limb symmetry index and the athletic performance of patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

肢體間不對稱性（inter-limb asymmetries, ILA）意指身體兩側肢體間在肌力（strength）、輸出功率（power）或動作模式之差異，近年來ILA也被廣泛研究於臨床運動醫學及運動傷害恢復。量化ILA對於運動傷害恢復極其重要，運用科學化檢測並且透過數據轉譯的模式能夠使運動傷害患者最有效率得知自身體能恢復表現。ILA指標透過比較兩側肢體間運動表現之差異，近年來，各項競技運動盛行，不論運動員、一般族群因運動傷害造成ILA情形的不計其數，尤其以前十字韌帶（anterior cruciate ligament, ACL）撕裂及斷裂為多數。目的:探討ILA對十字韌帶傷後復原過程的重要性。方法:透過PubMed、Google Scholar搜尋2020年到2024年之間文獻。結果:總共引用相關文獻期刊25篇，並整理出過去相關研究來探討出ILA在ACL重建後的重要性。結論: ILA可以作為ACL重建後恢復過程中重要的參考指標。然而肢體間不對稱性是各項運動能力在基礎訓練時不可或缺的重要依據，過去亦常被使用為評估傷害或疲勞的指標，雙側運動協調所需的額外神經活動更是運動科學家和醫師監測復健訓練過程的可靠方法，由其是對於ACL的損傷。

Inter-limb asymmetries (ILA) refer to the differences between the two sides of the body in strength, power, or movement patterns. ILA has been widely studied in clinical sports medicine and sports injury recovery in recent years. Quantifying ILA is extremely important for sports injury recovery, as it allows athletes and patients to know their physical performance more efficiently through scientific testing and data translation. ILA indicators compare the differences in performance between the two limbs. In recent years, various competitive sports have become popular, and countless cases of ILA caused by sports injuries have occurred among athletes and the general population, especially anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and ruptures. Purpose: To explore effective training methods to improve specific abilities. Methods: Literature from 2020 to 2024 was searched through PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: A total of 25 relevant journal articles were cited and summarized to discuss the importance of ILA after ACL reconstruction. Conclusion: ILA can serve as an important reference indicator during the recovery process after ACL reconstruction. However, inter-limb asymmetry is an indispensable basis for various physical abilities in basic training, and has often been used as an indicator of injury or fatigue in the past. The additional neural activity required for bilateral movement coordination is also a reliable method for sports scientists and physicians to monitor the rehabilitation training process, especially for ACL injuries.