道脈延伸――明代蔡清《四書蒙引》道統觀考察

The Extension of Taoism——An Investigation of Taoism in Cai Qing's "Four Books Meng Yin" in Ming Dynasty

蔡清，字介夫，福建晉江人，學者稱之虛齋先生，一生以朱熹學術為宗，以救正世道為念，撰成《四書蒙引》，開啟四書義理檢討風氣，成為明儒四書詮釋重要成果。以學之所向，道之所在，標舉務實工夫，從而更定《大學》內容，以知止、聽訟為格物要旨。進而綰合理學宗系與道統系譜，強調周敦頤有開啟道學之功，更將聖人系譜聚焦於孔子，並且擴大道統視野，異代之下，遠方殊俗，同證聖道。蔡清統合道統與性理，引導學子破除功利之念，深化四書義理內涵，體證思索當中，展現更為開闊的儒學規模，以及應世的情懷。

Cai Qing, a native of Jinjiang, Fujian, who was called Mr. Xu Zhai by scholars, took Zhu Xi's academic studies as his sect, and wrote the "Four Books Meng Yin" in his life. The four books of Confucianism interpret important results. In accordance with the direction of learning, where the Tao lies, mark pragmatism, advocate the unity of knowledge and action, revise the content of "the Great Learning", use knowledge, stop and hearing as the main points of the study The merits of Taoism focus on Confucius and Zhu Xi, thus expanding the historical perspective of Taoism. Under different generations, distant places and special customs, and the same testimony of the Holy Tao, scholars can become saints from the classics and prove Zhu Xi's fourth. Cai Qing combined Confucianism and morality. In the practice experience, he guided students to break utilitarianism, deepen the four-book ideology, show a broader scale of Confucianism, and use the feelings of adapting to the world.