梵語Gilgit寫本兩萬五千頌《般若波羅蜜經‧第十四品》之校勘及其相關問題

The Edition of the Fourteenth Chapter of the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā of the Gilgit-Ms.

《般若波羅蜜經》屬於現存最旱的大乘經典之一。由於流傳時間悠久，此經不但具有龐大的篇幅，而且擁有梵、藏、漢不同語言之許多傳本，非常有利於大乘思想發展史的研究。而Gilgit寫本的傳本與現今已校勘出版的梵語傳本出入頗多，甚至有一些差異，對於大乘某些概念以及思想發展的理解是非常重要的。尤其這裡校勘的Gilgit寫本兩萬五千頌〈第十四品〉含有《般若波羅蜜經》最早成立的教理，更是如此。因此，本文將這部份的寫本，轉寫成拉丁字母，並參考梵、藏、漢各種傳本進行校勘，使這部份的寫本能為佛教梵語學者所使用，是一項極重要的基礎工作。為了讓讀者看到Gilgit寫本的狀況，我在本文的校勘中採用了相當於仿真本的校勘。另外，Gilgit寫本的語言是正統梵語摻雜不正規的佛教梵語，所以它具有一些Prakrit所共有的，以及一些此寫本特有的文法現象。透過Gilgit寫本，本文能增進對Prakrit語言現象史進一步的理解。此外，本文也呈現了Gilgit寫本特有的拼字現象。

The Prajñāpāramitā is one of the earliest Mahayana scriptures that have been passed down throughout history. Due to its prolonged transmission, the Prajñāpāramitā has not only evolved into a large corpus but is also extant in various languages and recensions. As such the text is important for the historical study of the Mahayana philosophy. This is especially true for the recension preserved in the Gilgit-Ms., because it contains interesting and important variants not found in the other edited Sanskrit versions. The edition of the Gilgit-Ms. is deemed even more essential, in view of the fact that the Fourteenth Chapter of the Prajñāpāramitā in 25,000 lines of the Gilgit-Ms. constitutes the earliest strata of the text. In this edition, I have transcribed and edited this portion of the Gilgit-Ms. by taking all the Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese versions into consideration. This is an important ground-laying work, since it facilitates the accessibility of the Gilgit-Ms. for future scholars. I have attempted to provide an almost diplomatic edition so as to give readers an idea of what the manuscripts look like. Since the language of the Gilgit-Ms. consists of Sanskrit interspersed with the so-called Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, I have noted in the introduction the orthographical and grammatical features particular to the Gilgit-Ms. I hope that this approach can enhance our understanding of the linguistic particularities of the Prakrit language.