建築師COVID-19防疫建築設計認知、態度與執行意願相關之研究──以臺北市建築師公會會員為例

Study on the Relationship between COVID-19 Prevention Architectural Design: Awareness, Attitudes, and Implementation Intentions of Taipei Architects Association Members

本研究旨在探討台北市執業建築師在COVID-19防疫建築設計的認知、態度及執行意願彼此間的關係，採問卷調查法進行研究，取得有效問卷342份。經SPSS23統計軟體處理分析，得如下結果：
(1)研究對象COVID-19防疫建築設計的認知程度屬中上、態度屬中間偏正向、執行意願亦屬中間偏願意。在防疫建築設計方法中以「維持良好通風」、「控制空氣淨化品質」、「垂直管道間樓版逐層封填」等方法及「當層冷暖氣空調設備」、「當層排風機」、「當層各戶廚房、浴廁分別設置總排水彎」等材料設備的採行意願最高。
(2)在控制背景變項之後，研究對象的COVID-19防疫建築設計認知與態度皆可以解釋其防疫建築設計的執行意願，且以COVID-19防疫建築設計態度的解釋力較大；研究顯示，防疫建築設計認知越佳者、防疫建築設計態度越正向者，其防疫建築設計意願越高。
根據研究結果建議，有關單位應該在建築系學生養成教育時或執業建築師的在職訓練中，加入傳染疾病傳播與防制、健康促進、防疫建築設計等課程，以增強執業建築師防疫建築設計的知能。另外，相關單位應該針對防疫建築設計方法與材料設備進行深入研究，提出在防疫上更有效且經濟的設計方法及材料設備，以提升執業建築師的採行意願。

This study examines the relationship between architects' awareness, attitudes, and implementation intentions regarding COVID-19 prevention architectural design. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and 342 valid responses were obtained for SPSS 23 analysis to infer the following:
1. The participants showed moderately high levels of awareness, positive attitudes, and implementation intentions towards COVID-19 prevention architectural design. The highest implementation intentions were observed for methods such as“maintaining good ventilation,”“controlling air purification quality,”and“sealing vertical pipelines in underlayers between floors,”and materials such as“single-floor heating, ventilation, and air conditioning,”“single-floor exhaust systems,”and“central drainage for each unit’s kitchen and bathroom.”
2. After controlling for background variables, the participants' awareness and attitude towards COVID-19 prevention architectural design were found to be a positive predictor for their implementation intentions, with attitude having a greater explanatory power. The study revealed that participants with higher awareness and more positive attitudes towards COVID-19 prevention architectural design had greater implementation intentions.
Based on the research findings, it is recommended that relevant institutions incorporate courses on infectious disease transmission and prevention, health promotion, and epidemic-preventative architecture into the education of architecture students and the training of practicing architects to enhance their knowledge and skills in epidemic-preventative architecture. Additionally, further research should be conducted to explore effective and cost-efficient design methods and equipment materials for epidemic prevention in building.