唐人以來《蘭亭》接受觀念流變研究──兼論「蘭亭論辨」產生的觀念史根源

The Evolution of Lanting’s Ideas since Tang Dynasty: Also on the Origin of the History of Ideas Produced by“Lanting Argument”

「定武本」《蘭亭序》在宋代成為《蘭亭序》諸版本中最為經典和最為重要的一個，並非由其自身的書法成就確實超越其他《蘭亭》版本所致，而是在宋代特定的歷史條件和思維方式下被逐漸固定下來的，加之元代趙孟頫對之的進一步推崇和觀念構建，遂逐漸成為《蘭亭序》版本當中的主流，並一直影響到清代乾隆年間的汪中對於其自藏「定武本」《蘭亭序》的觀念構建。當這一觀念構建未被「打破」之前，人們對於「定武本」《蘭亭序》的態度呈現出基本穩定的態勢，但一旦在社會觀念發生重大的變化時，那麼人們對於「定武本」《蘭亭序》的態度便很難不發生新的變化，這就是後來阮元、李文田乃至郭沫若等人對《蘭亭序》提出質疑的思想根源。

“Dingwu version”became the most classic and important version of the“Lanting Preface”in the Song Dynasty. However, its importance arose more from the specific historical conditions and thinking patterns of the Song Dynasty formed over time than its achievements in calligraphy over other“Lanting”editions. In addition, in the Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu’s further respect and conceptual reconstruction for“Dingwu version”made it gradually become the mainstream among the versions, whose influences continued that can be seen on Wang Zhong’s understandings of“Dingwu version”collected by himself during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. Before this conceptual reconstruction was broken, popular attitude towards and perspective on“Dingwu version”remained stable and unchanged. Nevertheless, once there was a major change in social concepts, people’s attitude toward“Dingwu version”changed accordingly. Afterward, this change became the ideological root for questioning“Lanting Preface”by Ruan Yuan, Li Wentian and others.