數位服務合同單方變更權之規制

Regulation of Unilateral Modification Right in Digital Service Contract

數位服務提供者常態化更新使用者協定和應用程式。司法實踐也認可其享有一般的、開放性的單方合同變更權，由此引發單方變更權與契約嚴守原則之間的衝突。並非任何改變均屬於合同變更，不改變給付關係的日常更新不屬於合同變更，不應過度誇大單方變更權的必要性。《電子商務法》《個人資訊保護法》等法律並未確立數位服務提供者的單方合同變更權，唯有預先約定的單方變更權，才為法秩序所認可。在司法適用上，應通過格式條款規則規制約定的單方變更權條款，數位服務提供者應具體指出變更的情形、內容與影響，征得相對人的單獨同意，並且自證變更權條款的合理性。數位服務提供者依約單方變更合同的，相對人也享有一定條件下解除合同的權利，且在合同解除後可以請求刪除收集的個人資訊，即使個人資訊為服務的對價。

Digital service providers regularly update user agreements and application programs, and judicial practice also recognizes that digital service provider enjoys a general unilateral contract modification right, which leads to a conflict between the unilateral modification right and the principle of pacta sunt survand. Not any change is a contractual variation, a daily update that does not change consideration relationship is not a contract modification in law. Therefore, the need for a unilateral right of modification should not be overstated. laws such as the E-Commerce Law and Personal Information Protection Law do not establish a unilateral contract modification right of digital service provider. Only the pre-agreed unilateral modification right will be accepted. In judicial application, the unilateral right of modification clause should be regulated through the rules on standard clauses. The digital service provider shall specify the circumstances, content and impact of modification, obtain the individual consent of the counter-party, and self-certify the reasonableness of the right. If the digital service provider unilaterally changes the terms according to the contract, the counter-party has also the right to terminate the contract under certain conditions. When the digital service contract is terminated, counter-party of digital services may request deletion of collected personal information, even if the personal information is offered as consideration for the service.