專利公開的邏輯理路與功能重構

The Logic Path Approach and Functional Recostruction of Patent Disclosure

專利公開是一個以創新為起點、以技術擴散為連接點、以社會福利為依歸的完整鏈條。專利公開通過排他利益與技術公開的人為安排架構了技術創新與技術擴散的雙向迴圈機制。排他利益是構建創新資訊系統的前提，而技術公開才是構建創新資訊系統的根本。專利制度以激勵創新為旨歸，專利公開以創新擴散為路徑。公開充分性是技術方案的可專利性條件之一，專利申請發揮著技術公開的功能，技術公開又促進技術資訊的擴散，從而實現激勵創新的專利政策目標。在智慧財產權強國建設背景下，專利公開實現了技術方案的資訊化，促成了技術方案的佔有化以及彰顯了技術方案的公示化。

Patent disclosure is a complete chain which takes innovation as the starting point, technology diffusion as the connecting point and social welfare as the basis. Patent disclosure constructs a two-way circulation mechanism of technology innovation and technology diffusion through the artificial arrangement of exclusive interests and technology disclosure. The exclusive interest is the premise of constructing the Innovation Information System, and the technology disclosure is the foundation of constructing the Innovation Information System. The purpose of patent system is to stimulate innovation, and the path of patent disclosure is innovation diffusion. Sufficiency of disclosure is one of the conditions of patentability. And patent application plays the function of technology disclosure, which promotes the diffusion of technology information and thus realizes the patent policy of stimulating innovation. Under the background of building a powerful country of intellectual property rights, the patent disclosure has realized the informationization of technical schemes, promoted the possession of technical schemes and highlighted the publicity of technical schemes.