外牆瓷磚剝落與黏著層相關因子之探討

A Study on the Factors of Adhesive Layer of Exterior TilesPeeling

瓷磚是我國常見的外牆飾面，而隨著瓷磚的大量使用，瓷磚剝落的現象也成了外牆常見的劣化現象。在台灣，主要以黏著層發生劣化造成瓷磚零星的剝落居多，為釐清黏著層究竟受到那些因素影響而造成瓷磚剝落，本研究透過探討瓷磚張貼工法中－瓷磚背溝之有無、倒勾形式、抹漿方式及塗抹工具樣式（鏝刀）等因素對於瓷磚黏著強度及接合效果的影響，以進一步釐清造成瓷磚剝落的原因。本研究透過瓷磚拉拔試驗來了解在不同條件設定下瓷磚飾面的黏著效果，經實驗後得知，依照台灣瓷磚外牆既有之施作方式，剝落界面確實容易發生在黏著層，此外瓷磚倒勾設置與否、選擇單面抹漿或是雙面抹漿之黏貼工法的差異、塗佈鏝刀型式的不同與抹縫的施作與否，均會影響外牆瓷磚的接著強度以及瓷磚剝落界面所發生的位置。

There have been many public security accidents caused by falling tiles in Taiwan in recent years. In order to solve the phenomenon of tile peeling, this study compared the differences in attached tiles methods between Taiwan and Japan by the tile adhesive pull - out load experiment. According to the results of this experiment, the use of tiles conforming to the CNS (Chinese National Standards) groove shape design and the use of double-sided plastering method can effectively improve the adhesion strength of the wall tile. The application of seam materials on the tiles can also have a good effect. However, the benefit improvement brought by the flat- trowel is not as significant as other projects.