對注冊商標未授權商品化行為現行規制模式的反思

Rethinking of the Current Judgements on Unauthorized Commercializing Behavior for Registered Trademarks

將他人注冊商標仿製成商品出售，僅系商品外觀的美學功能激發了消費者的購買欲望，不會使其聯想到商品來源，故該行為不會導致消費者產生混淆，不構成商標侵權；該行為也不會導致馳名商標的淡化，因為淡化要以商標性使用為前提。同時，將他人注冊商標仿製成商品出售的行為亦不構成不正當競爭。一方面，該行為不侵犯商品化權益，因為商品化權益是我國法律尚未規定的權利類型，應當格外謹慎地對其加以保護，以免壓縮公共領域的空間；另一方面，注冊商標所有人不存在可保護利益，其與利用商標仿制商品者之間不存在競爭關係，且仿製者並未實施違反商業道德的不當行為，注冊商標所有人利益未受顯著損害，故該行為也不屬於搭乘商譽便車的不正當競爭行為。

Imitation of other people’s trademarks into toys, accessories and other products for sale, because it does not play a role in distinguishing the source, will not cause consumer confusion, and does not constitute trademark infringement; because when consumers buy such products, only the aesthetic function of the product’s appearance stimulates the desire to buy without thinking about the source of the item; It will not lead to dilution of well-known trademarks, because dilution is based on the premise of trademark use. At the same time, it does not infringe the commercialization right, which involves the use of trademarks on commodities not specifically to identify the source, but to take advantage of consumers’ preference for the appearance and shape of the commodity; the commercialization right is strictly limited to whether it causes confusion about the source, and not including the confusion of sponsorship or affiliation; the commercialization right is a type of right not stipulated by the laws of our country, and it should be expanded to the scope of protection with great care. The imitation of a trademark is sold as a commodity, which does not constitute unfair competition and belongs to the category of freedom of imitation.