應用犯罪偵查知識工程化於刑案偵查實務之探討──以F銀行ATM跨國盜領案為例

A Study on Application of Knowledge Engineering to Criminal Investigation–ATM Hacking Theft Steal Case from F Bank as Example

臺灣刑案犯罪偵查，係以刑事訴訟法之檢察官為犯罪偵查主體，司法警察（官）僅定位為偵查輔助機關，然而，資通訊科技（ICT）進步所帶來現今之犯罪手法多變且日新月異，偵查人員無時無刻接受著最新的挑戰及思維（即所謂：犯罪科技化與科技犯罪化）；因此，導入「犯罪偵查知識工程化」（ICNIV modelling）方式，提升犯罪偵查技能與效能、法律素養及人權等觀念，實有其必要性與急迫性。
2016年7月11日，臺灣金融史上首件ATM盜領案，F銀行20家分行、51台ATM，在7月9日至11日期間，遭多名外籍人士盜領新臺幣83,277,600萬元；警方於案發後第7天宣布破案，分別在宜蘭縣及臺北市共逮捕3名犯嫌，並掌握來臺外籍嫌犯共有19人，其中16人已潛逃出境（已發布通緝），迄今本案已追回贓款新臺幣77,481,100萬餘元，前警政署長陳國恩說：「國際犯罪集團在臺灣踢到鐵板。」
回歸檢視本案偵辦過程，從F銀行報案、逮捕主嫌、追溯共犯及取贓等偵辦過程，運用「犯罪偵查知識工程化」之方式，逐一檢視及檢討案件偵查手法、技巧及程序之優劣，作為日後刑事人員偵處案件之依據。因此本文試以，建立「合理化」、「科學化」、「系統化」、「知識化」之犯罪偵查基本原則（ICNIV modelling）。
因此本文以「F銀行ATM跨國盜領案」為案例，自案發後，F銀行通報警方起，至查獲主嫌、共犯及起出贓款，再導入國內學者林宜隆教授所提出「犯罪偵查知識工程化」之方法與架構，剖析多元化且先進之新興犯罪型態與手法。

The criminal investigation of Taiwan’s criminal case is based on the prosecutors of the Criminal Procedure Law as the main body of criminal investigation, and the judicial police (officials) are only positioned as auxiliary investigation agencies. However, the current criminal methods brought about by the advancement of information and communication technology (ICT) are changeable and changeable. With the rapid changes, investigators are always accepting the latest challenges and thinking (the so-called: criminal technology and technology criminalization); therefore, the“ICNIV modelling”approach is introduced to improve criminal investigation skills, effectiveness, and legal literacy and the concepts of human rights, etc., have their necessity and urgency.
On July 11, 2016, the first ATM theft in Taiwan’s financial history, F Bank’s 20 branches and 51 ATMs were stolen by many foreigners from July 9th to 11th. NT$832.776 million was stolen. On the 7th day after the incident, the police announced that they had solved the case. They arrested 3 suspects in Yilan County and Taipei City respectively, and knew that there were 19 foreign suspects who came to Taiwan, 16 of whom have absconded and left the country (wanted). So far this case More than NT$77,481,100 in stolen money has been recovered. Former Commissioner of Police Chen Guoen said:“International criminal syndicates have kicked the iron plate in Taiwan.”
Return to review the investigation process of this case, from the investigation process of F Bank reporting, arresting the main suspect, tracing accomplices, and taking stolen goods, using the method of“ICNIV modelling’to review and review the investigation methods, techniques and procedures of the case one by one the pros and cons will be used as the basis for criminal investigation and handling of cases in the future. Therefore, this article tries to establish the basic principles of criminal investigation (ICNIV modelling) of“rationalization”,“scientization”,“systematization”and“intellectualization”.
Therefore, this article uses the“Transnational theft of ATMs in Bank F”as a case. After the incident, Bank F notified the police, until the main suspect, accomplices, and stolen money were found, and then introduced the“Crime Investigation Knowledge Project”proposed by the domestic scholar Professor Lin I-long. The method and framework of ICNIV modelling analyzes diversified and advanced emerging crime patterns and methods.