沃特．司各特《雷馬莫之妻》中的悲劇女英雄──露西．愛緒頓

Lucy Ashton as Tragic Heroine in Sir Walter Scott’s The Bride of Lammermoor

沃特．司各特所著之《雷馬莫之妻》(The Bride of Lammermoor) 發行於一八一九年。十八世紀至十九世紀初的西方文學界著眼於歷史小說以及羅曼小說兩造雙方之思辯，成為法國大革命以來之文藝思潮。儘管許多學者將其視為司各特歷史小說系列作品之一；但文類特定類型化無法點出女主角因自身缺乏判斷力而一步步走向自己命運多舛一途。本文旨在論述《雷馬莫之妻》中的女主角露西．愛緒頓為一悲劇女英雄，輔以亞多德《詩學》對於希臘悲劇英雄的定義來重新檢視《雷馬莫之妻》中的女主角露西．愛緒頓。本文作者認為司各特巧妙結合歷史小說文類以及誌異羅曼史，成功將小說帶進一個新的紀元。作者因此主張露西．愛緒頓如同希臘悲劇英雄一般，因為自己個性上的缺陷而錯誤地一步步走向悲劇結局，她的命運以悲劇收場並非源自其邪惡本質，而是出自於自已對於時代環境變遷的毫無招架能力導致一步步走向悲劇結局，先是發瘋然後自殺死亡。

The Bride of Lammermoor written by Sir Walter Scott was published in 1819. Despite the fact that scholars and researchers have regarded the work as historical fiction, like other Waverley Novels, others read The Bride as the gothic, the fantasy, and the sentimental. Moreover, the debate still goes on in the project between romance and historical novels. To define The Bride's novel category, one must refer to a certain discussion of the novel's protagonist. This study argues that Lucy Ashton can be regarded as tragic heroine in fiction, like Janet Dalrymple in Scott's family circle. As a child, Walter Scott’s maternal family told him the story of Janet Dalrymple, including Jane's short marriage and her mysterious death. This paper mainly interrogates how Lucy Ashton's "error of judgment", as characteristic of a tragic hero, is embodied. "Error of judgment" can be seen as a symptom of a "tragic flaw. Or, "Hamartia" may have helped shape Lucy Ashton as a tragic heroine and shown her madness as her ultimate downfall. First, the background story is provided. Moreover, the definition of "tragic flaw" and "Hamartia" from Aristotle's The Poetics are examined. Finally, analysis on Lucy Ashton through her embodiment of female fantasy, feminine passivity, madness and death are discussed.