規模重要嗎？民間宗教型戒癮安置機構的組織運作差異

How Does Organizational Size Relate to Service Operation? The Differences among the Faith-based Addiction Treatment Institutions

我國社會服務部門包含了比例較高的中小型組織，因此組織規模在運作面的差異易被忽略。本研究藉由宗教型民間戒癮的單一主題服務，探討在相近的社會服務主題下，不同機構規模屬性所呈現的運作差異為何？規模的特性將如何關連到這些單位後續人力安排、資源樣態、服務內涵、及回應政策意願？本文採用質性研究方法，運用文獻檢閱及深度訪談探討六間機構，區分為國際型、中型及小型組織各兩間。研究發現：（一）中小型機構之人力較不穩定，國際型機構較為穩定且聘任戒癮更生人的比例較高；（二）中小型機構的財源較國際型機構更為複雜，不穩定性較高；（三）中小型機構的服務內涵具有較高的彈性，國際型則偏向一致性，利於發展長期的組織特色，較不利於因應環境的變動；（四）中型組織在與政府合作方面較能兼顧意願與能力；不同規模組織間的合作將利於發展新型態的服務以回應需求。由於藥酒癮人士長期反覆及多元需求的特性，本研究發現能回應政策及實務上的議題，以利於規劃多元與合作的服務型態。

Due to the social service sector including nonprofit organizations that are mostly small and medium in size, the impacts of organizational scale on the implementation side are easily disregarded in research. This study proposed exploring the differences in organizational size on service features in faith-based addiction treatment institutions. How do the characteristics of scale relate to these organizations' perspectives on manpower arrangements, securing resources, delivering services, and willingness to cooperate with the government? This study explored the experiences of six institutions based on qualitative research methods. The organizations are divided into three groups: large-sized (international), medium-sized, and small-sized groups, and concluded that: (1) Small and medium-sized institutions are relatively unstable in terms of service manpower, while international institutions are relatively stable and employ a higher proportion of rehabilitated persons; (2) The financial resources of small and medium-sized institutions are more complex and unstable compared to international institutions; (3) In terms of service content, small and medium-sized institutions have higher flexibility, while international organizations tend to be consistent which may interfere with their ability to respond to environmental concerns; (4) Medium-sized organizations are more likely to balance both willingness and ability to cooperate with the government. Large organizations may collaborate with small organizations to develop innovative services. Due to the long-term, repetitive and diverse needs of addiction treatment, this study claims to recognize the respective advantages of different organizational characteristics regarding the role of service delivery to benefit current policy and practical issues.