跨界越南女性族群邊界的維持：食物角色的探究

The Maintenance of Ethnic Boundary of the Cross-Border Vietnamese Female in Taiwan: a Research on the Role of Food

台灣的外籍新娘始於1970年代或更早以前，但學術界正式投入研究則是1990年代才開始。本文主要是以食物作為跨界女性移民在維持其族群邊界所可能扮演的角色之探究。本文一開始先從台灣跨國婚姻歷史的拼湊出發，意圖點出研究對象所處的歷史和政經脈絡。進而試圖從學術文獻中整理出「越南新娘」原生社會中國家、家庭與性別的複雜關係，主要討論在越南國家有意的干涉下，許多有關家庭和性別的概念已經產生了轉變並有了創新的意義，雖然表面上可能會讓人誤解為傳統的維持。之後，本文就又更深入從文獻來探討國家影響下，越南人的婚姻觀以及婚姻儀式等。這些脈絡是我們在了解台灣「越南新娘」現象時所不可忽略的。最後，本文則從跨足兩個世界的女性移民在食物上的表現，從文獻以及訪談資料來討論她們如何維持其飲食方式。

There were foreign brides in Taiwan as early as 1970s or earlier, however, the phenomenon had not been studied by academics until the 1990s. This paper explores the role played by the preparation of meals, in the maintenance of ethnic boundaries attending the cross-border situation of Vietnamese women in Taiwan. From the very outset, a brief history of cross-border marriages in Taiwan has been described here, in order to place the subject of this study into political and economic contexts. The paper also depicts the ”Vietnamese brides” in their own social-cultural milieus, including their complex relation to the Vietnam doi moi state, post revolution aspects of the family, gender relationship, and the concepts of marriage and marital rituals in Vietnam. These contexts are necessary for us to consider when discussing the situation of Vietnamese female migrants in Taiwan. The last section of the paper examines the maintenance of an ethnic boundary which results from the desire of these women to keep to their own methods of cooking and to use the ingredients with which they are the more familiar.