美國肉品輸入管理與邊境措施   全文下載

The Import Control and Border Management on Meat Products of United States

美國對外國肉品之食品安全管理，以美國農業部食品安全檢查署為主管機關。輸出國需先通過「國家等效性」審查，獲得輸美生產設施「資格建立」。輸出國於核准輸美後，仍持續接受驗證以維持其輸美資格。每一批輸美的產品，均須經輸出國政府查驗並核發證明文件，向美國貨物進口港之食品安全檢查署機關申請「複查驗」，並應於「官方輸入查驗設施」內接受查驗。對於應採樣檢驗者，原則應留置至完成檢驗。不合格之產品應於45天內退運或銷毀。符合限量之研發、測試與商業展示用途產品得申請免驗。含肉量低之食品或動物腸衣等由美國食品藥物管理署管理，惟食品安全檢查署需檢查確認其原料肉成分源自於核准輸美國家與生產設施。此外，所有輸美肉品或含肉類成分產品，均應符合動植物健康檢查署有關動物疾病相關規定。

The Food Safety Inspection Service of United States Department of Agriculture is the US regulatory and enforcement authority for the food safety management of foreign meat products import. Exporting countries are required to apply for ''country equivalence'' evaluation and to obtain the ''establishment eligibility''. After the exporting countries are approved for export to the U.S., their eligibility had to be continuously verified. Each shipment is required for ''reinspection'', and presented at an ''official import inspection establishment'' and be inspected by FSIS inspectors. Each shipment should be checked for certification documents and the labeling and marking of the products. Shipment that required sampled and tested, in principle, they should be detained in the ''official import inspection establishments'' until the inspection is completed. Unqualified products should be returned or destroyed within 45 days. Products for research and development, testing, and commercial display that meet the quantity limits may be exempted from reinspection. Imported foods with low meat content or animal casings, etc. are control by the US Food and Drug Administration, but the Food Safety and Inspection service needs to check that the raw meat ingredients originate from eligible countries and establishments. In addition, all meat products and products containing meat ingredients should comply with the animal disease control regulations of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Agency.