中美洲四國地方創生策略研究

A Study on the Strategies of Local Creation in Four Central American Countries

隨著科技的進步與社會變遷，導致城鄉差距與人口不均等直接或間接影響之現象。本文研究目的為探討國外援外技術合作案例推動策略重點，並進行比較分析。 我國的技術合作計畫中，在中美洲區域曾與薩爾瓦多、尼加拉瓜、瓜地馬拉及宏都拉斯合作推動文創發展類型計畫，運用臺灣與國際專家之社區發展概念與經驗，協助該國活化地方文化產業創新，以及改善當地產業經濟。研究方法以蒐集相關文獻以檢視中美洲四國當地文化環境等背景資料，及我國地方創生策略內容，依據文獻資料進行分析研究，並以個案研究方式探討中美洲四國在技術合作計畫之策略規劃與管理。藉由盤點地方特色文化資產，透過雙邊合作單位輔導，臺灣援外計畫策略，即是以臺灣經驗為基礎，派遣國內專業技術人員，運用計畫管理循環架構作為計畫規劃與管理的工具，結合國內外專家與利害關係人，有效提升利害關係人參與計畫的程度，促進計畫在地化。經研究結果，中美洲四國地方環境要素分析「地」較占優勢，惟在「產」、「人」、「物」部分相對劣勢。瞭解各環境層面的廣度與深度後，依據可控資源擬定核心策略方向，經分析中美洲四國在地方創生核心策略方向有「整合設計」、「盤點區域」及「永續創新」，策略項目有「整合人才」、「能力建構」、「集中化目標市場」、「發展產業鏈」及「永續經營」等，另依據各國當地環境與策略目的而採行不同次要策略項目，在宏國採取展場規劃、意象識別、獎勵政策等策略項目，在尼國採取發展明星產品差異化、參考手冊、品牌行銷、工具設備建置等策略項目，在瓜國採取產官學民合作、品牌行銷等策略項目，在薩國採取發展明星產品差異化、產官學民合作、施行規範、品牌行銷、價格標準化等策略項目。

With the advancement of technology and social changes, bring about directly or indirectly affect urban-rural gap and population inequality. The research purpose of this article is to discuss the strategies of promoting foreign technical cooperation cases and analysis. In the Taiwan technical cooperation projects, in the Central American region, it has collaborated with El Salvador, Nicaragua, Guatemala, and Honduras to promote local cultural and creative development types of projects, using the concepts and experience of community development by Taiwan and international experts, assist the country in revitalizing local industrial innovation and improving the local industrial economy. The research method is to collect relevant literature to review the background information of the culture and other environmental aspects of the four Central American countries, and the content of the strategy of cultural and creative in Taiwan, to conduct analysis and research based on the literature, and to discuss the strategic planning and management of the four Central American countries through case studies. By taking stock of local characteristic cultural assets, through the guidance of bilateral cooperation units. Based on Taiwan's experience and dispatching professionals. Using the project cycle as a tool, combining domestic and foreign experts and stakeholders, and promoting the localization of the project. As a result of the research, the analysis of local environmental factors in the four Central American countries has Strengths in 'geography', but weaknesses in 'industry', 'people', and 'products'. After understanding the breadth and depth of each environmental level, we formulate core strategic directions based on the project resources. After analyzing the four Central American countries’ core strategic directions for local creation and creation, there are 'integrated design', 'inventory area' and 'sustainable innovation'. Projects include 'integration of talents', 'capability building', 'centralized target markets', 'development of the industrial chain' and 'sustainable operation'. In addition, different secondary strategic projects are adopted according to the local environment and strategic objectives of each country. Hongguo adopts strategic projects such as exhibition planning, image recognition, and incentive policies. In Nigeria, it adopts strategic projects such as the star product, reference manuals, brand marketing, and tool and equipment construction. For strategic projects such as brand marketing, the star product, cooperation, implementation norms, brand marketing, price standardization and other strategic projects are adopted in the country.