歷史記憶的現身與缺席：以二林事件中的蔗農組合幹部與蔗農為例

The Presence/ Un-presence in Historical Memories--a Study on the Sugarcane Farmers and Their Association in the Er-Lin Event

1925年10月發生的二林事件，是台灣在日本殖民統治時期首次由蔗農起身抵抗製糖會社強行採收甘蔗的舉動。檢視事件發生的起因與經過，當時知識分子的投入當居重要因素，其中又以台灣文化協會的理事李應章為關鍵人物。他對於蔗農的啟蒙教育、上書陳情、組織第一個蔗農組合等等付出實是功不可沒。過往歷史著重於大敘述的建構，因此多偏向對知識分子的論述，並推崇他們的付出與貢獻。但同樣參與該事件的蔗農，因為他們沒有名字，在過去則很少被注意或討論到，而淹沒在國族主義的歷史洪流中。因此，本文將試著跳脫知識分子、大敘述的框架，改以蔗農的視角、從文學作品中去回顧二林事件這段歷史。賴和的新詩〈覺悟的犧牲（寄二林的同志）〉（1925）與小說〈豐作〉（1932），兩部皆以參與過二林事件的蔗農為主角，前者對於蔗農有著高度的讚揚，而後者對於蔗農組合卻有著不甚認同的看法，使蔗農與蔗農組合之間產生弔詭的互斥關係。本文欲透過文本分析並輔以史料，找出蔗農對於二林事件與蔗農組合的看法，並重新探討蔗農、製糖會社及蔗農組合幹部之間的關係與定位。

"Having occurred in October 1925, the Er-Lin event is the first revolt originated by sugarcane farmers in Taiwan under Japanese Rule, against the act that sugar production companies forcefully purchased sugarcanes from them. While examining the causes and course of the event, we find that the intellectuals were highly involved, especially Li Ying-Zhang, who was a member of the Taiwanese Culture Council then. He enlightened the sugarcane farmers, helped them write petitions and organize the first sugarcane farmers' association. Previous researches mainly emphasize on the 'Grand Narrative,' which interpret more on the intellectuals' contribution, while the participant sugarcane farmers, whose names unknown, were barely noticed or discussed and thus disappeared in the mainstream of nationalist discourses. This paper aims at thinking outside the frame of the intellectuals and 'Grand Narrative', and reviewing this part of history from the perspective of the farmers through literary texts. The personas in Lai He's poem 'Conscious Sacrifice-to My Er-Lin Comrades' (1925) and novel 'Harvest' (1932), are both sugarcane farmers involving in the Er-Lin event. However, while the former gives high praises to sugarcane farmers, the latter quite disagrees with the farmers' association, and there seems to be a mutual exclusiveness in between. By analyzing literary texts and consulting historical texts, I would like to find out how the sugarcane farmers thought about the Er-Lin event and sugarcane farmers' association, and reconstruct the relationships among the sugarcane farmers, the sugar production companies and the farmers' association."