十七世紀中後期中國東南沿海與臺灣麻布外銷分析──以西班牙史料為討論中心

Linen Export of the Chinese Southeast Coast and Taiwan in the Mid and Late 17th Century: A Study Based on Spanish Sources

本文運用兩本十七世紀西班牙史料來分析十七世紀中後期中國東南沿海與臺灣運到呂宋的麻布貿易，其結論有以下五點：（一）1657至1687年間從中國東南沿海運到呂宋的麻布以1685年的貿易額最多，此與清廷開放海上貿易有關，其次是1677年；（二）臺灣運到呂宋的麻布以1670年的數量最多，此時正值鄭經鼓勵經貿，其次也是1677年，乃因三藩之亂期間鄭氏佔有廈門，掌握中國物資；（三）中國東南沿海外銷的麻布多是福建生產或加工，而臺灣方面的麻布也多從福建轉運而來；（四）1669年以前安海麻布在馬尼拉市場比較受歡迎，但1670起就完全被永春麻布所取代；（五）麻布價格從1670年起開始下滑，直到1687年都沒有回升。由於價格便宜所以銷至呂宋的麻布數量也隨之增加，尤其是1685年起出口量急速增加，種類也跟著多樣。

"The information we present in this paper has been extracted from two volumes of Spanish sources from the 17th century. We analyze the linen trade between the Chinese southeast coast and Luzon as well as between Taiwan and Luzon between 1657 and 1687. After perusing these documents, we reach five major conclusions: (1) The highest volume of linen trade from the Chinese southeast coast to Luzon was registered in 1685, thanks to the fact that the Chinese government of the Ch'ing dynasty decided to allow maritime commerce; the second highest volume corresponds to 1677. (2) The highest peak of linen export from Taiwan to Luzon was recorded in 1670, thanks to the fact that Zheng Ching promoted commerce at that time; the second highest peak corresponds to 1677, because the Zheng clan against the government, during the period of the Rebellion of the Three Feudatories occupied Amoy and took control of Chinese products. (3) Most of the linen exported from the Chinese southeast coast was either produced or manufactured in Fujian. At the same time, most linen imported in Taiwan from Fujian. (4) Before 1669, the linen from Anhay was popular in the Manila market. However, from 1670, on Anhay linen was completely replaced by the linen from Inson. (5)The price of linen dropped in 1670 and did not go up until 1687. Due to the low prices, the linen export to Luzon augmented, especially from 1685. That augmentation meant not only a higher quantity of linen but also a wider variety of linen types."