因應「108課綱素養導向」培育國小師資生設計跨領域教案與教學

Cultivate Pre-service Teachers to Design Interdisciplinary Teaching Plans and Teaching in Response to the 'Literacy Orientation of 108 Curriculum'

我國108課程綱要以「核心素養」作為課程發展的主軸，本研究因應「108課綱素養導向」，採質性研究，培育20位共分為6組國小師資生設計跨領域教案與教學，以獲得「教師專業素養」的創新力和跨域力。本研究以「國小自然科實驗研究」一整學期的課程，每週3節課培育之，包含：素養導向教與學、POEST探究式教學法、跨領域探究與實作案例教學（6週）；國小師資生設計「108課綱素養導向」跨領域教案、說課、討論與改進（5週）；國小師資生微型教學、討論與改進、到新北市國小試教、討論與改進（7週）。蒐集課室觀察、焦點團體討論、教案與學習單設計、微型教學錄影、國小試教錄影等質性資料，進行編碼與分析，最後形成主張。研究結果顯示：一、各組師資生設計的教案及學習單，都能符合POEST探究式教學法的精神，教案內容都跨自然和數學領域，有些跨科技、國語領域，能奠定語文、數學、科學知識的基礎。二、各組教案都使用YouTube影片作課程簡介或科學原理的闡述，再引導各組國小學生自行尋找材料來設計實驗。三、各組師資生在國小試教時，能培養國小學生測量、描述、判斷、思考和設計等功能性的素養。四、各組師資生在國小試教時，能引導國小學生發揮團隊合作的精神完成POEST學習單，進行小組討論學會如何溝通與表達，引導實驗時的注意事項，協助其問題解決等共通性能力。

"The 108 curriculum syllabus took 'core literacy' as the main axis of curriculum development in the 12-year Basic Education. In response to 'literacy orientation of 108 curriculum', this study adopted qualitative research and cultivated 20 pre-service teachers divided into 6 groups to design cross-field teaching plans and teaching 6 groups of pre-service teachers to design interdisciplinary teaching plans and teaching, so as to obtain the innovative and interdisciplinary abilities. This study was based on a full semester course of 'Elementary School Natural Science Experimental Research', 3 lessons per week, including: literacy-oriented teaching and learning, POEST inquiry teaching method, interdisciplinary inquiry and practical case teaching (6 weeks); pre-service teachers designed '108 syllabus literacy orientation' interdisciplinary teaching plans, lectures, discussion and improvement (5 weeks); pre-service teachers micro-teaching, discussion and improvement, trial teaching, discussion and Improvement (7 weeks). Collected qualitative materials such as classroom observations, focus group discussions, teaching plans and learning sheet design, micro-teaching videos, and trial teaching videos, then coded and analyzed them, and finally formed a proposition. The results were as follows: 1. the teaching plans and learning sheets were in line with the spirit of POEST. The design of teaching plans all crossed the fields of nature and mathematics, and some crossed the fields of technology and language, which could lay the foundation of language, mathematics, and scientific knowledge. 2. Each group of teaching plans used YouTube videos as a course introduction or an explanation of scientific principles, then guided each group of elementary students to find materials by themselves to design experiments. 3. Each group of pre-service teachers could cultivate each group of elementary students to obtain the functional literacies of measurement, description, judgment, thinking and design during the trial teaching. 4. Each group of pre-service teachers could guide each group of elementary students to display the teamwork spirit and complete the POEST learning sheets, conducted group discussions to learn how to communicate and express, guided the experiment precautions, and assist their problem solving during the trial teaching."