黨營事業之優勢地位探討：以民國40年代的裕台公司貿易業務為例

Discussion on the Advantageous position of Party-Owned Enterprises: A Case Study Based on Yu-Tai's Trading Activities in the 1950s

裕台公司作為中國國民黨經營之黨營事業，於民國40年代將對外貿易項目視為經營發展重點。該公司在辦理有關業務的過程中，不僅在活動面上利用所屬政黨協助而得以壯大，本文在研究上亦發現該公司所取得的豐沛利潤，乃是與貿易制度層面深有關聯。另循該公司協助中廣公司產製收音機的過程，更可見各黨營事業為求擴大發展所進行的合作歷史。本研究亦確認了裕台公司的對外貿易經營成果，乃是奠基在制度未盡週全的基礎之上，而該公司利用所屬政黨的執政優勢，藉由政商優越地位所取得的商機，無論是對香港經銷台糖、專案核配外匯，抑或是循有利物資辦理進口，該公司為求獲利所採取的經營路線，再再反映了當時執政黨經營事業所著重的面向。綜上，本文在全文的鋪陳上，先探討「執政黨經營事業之源流」，接著依序分析「裕台公司作為黨營事業存在之特徵」、「黨營事業的貿易活動與制度關係」、「裕台公司的貿易活動與臺灣的收音機產業發展：」等範疇，以及最後的「結論」。

"As a party-owned enterprise of the Kuomintang, Yu-Tai had made foreign trade a priority of the company's development in the 1950s. According to this research, during the process of engaging in related business, the company not only in the activity level acquired the assistance of the political party to grow its business, but also made abundant profits through its intricate ties with KMT in the level of the trading system. Also, by reviewing the process of the company's assisting Broadcasting Corporation of China with the production of radio sets, the history of cooperation between KMT and the party-owned enterprises to grow and expand their businesses is uncovered. The study also confirms that the performance of Yu-Tai's foreign trade operations was based on an unsatisfactory system. In addition, Yu-Tai obtained business opportunities through its superior political and business status by taking advantage of the incumbent advantage of the ruling party to which the company belonged, be it the distribution for Taiwan sugar Corporation to Hong Kong, the project-based foreign exchange control, or the importation of favorable materials. All in all, the line of business adopted by Yu-Tai for the sake of profitability reflects the orientation of the enterprises owned by the ruling party at that time. In summary, the study begins with a discussion of ''The origin of ruling party-owned enterprises'', followed by an analysis of ''The characteristics of Yu-Tai's existence as a party-owned enterprise'','' ''The relationship between a party-owned enterprise's trading activities and the system,'' ''Yu-Tai's trading activities and the development of Taiwan's radio industry,'' and finally, ''The conclusion''."