近五十年來歐洲學者對周朝史之研究

European Scholars’Study of Zhou Dynasty’s History in the Past 50 Years

儘管歐洲學者在漢學有著悠久的傳統，但近幾十年來，美國逐漸成為西方漢學之新中心。然而，除了直接貢獻於美國漢學的歐裔學者，歐洲仍然有若干世界上研究漢學最優秀的大學，如牛津大學(University of Oxford)和劍橋大學(University of Cambridge)，並全歐洲各地亦有研究中國上古史的學者。本文主要回顧歐裔學者所發表與周朝史有相關的論著，旨在顯示其研究成果，並評估歐洲學者對研究中國上古史有何貢獻。本文呈現，儘管美國學界在研究周朝史各種領域中佔據主導地位，但除了若干對美國漢學有貢獻的歐裔學者，其他歐洲學者亦提出許多不應被忽略的研究成果，尤其是在考古學與文學領域，其著作對研究周朝史亦起著重要作用，為更全面地了解周朝史亦為重要的參考資料。

"Despite European scholars’long tradition in sinology, the United States have often been regarded as the new heart of Chinese Studies during recent decades and even some renowned European sinologists became professors in the United States. However, Europe still has some of the world’s top universities for Chinese Studies, such as the University of Oxford or the University of Cambridge, and there are still many scholars all over Europe researching ancient Chinese history. This essay is a literature review focusing on modern European scholars in the United States as well as in Europe who are researching various topics on the Zhou Dynasty (周朝) and is intended to show their research results over the last few decades and to evaluate their contribution to the Western scholarship to this part of ancient Chinese history. After reviewing several European authors and their respective works it can be evident that even though this research field is still dominated by American publications, some European scholars in the United States, as well as several British, German, and French scholars in Europe have contrib-uted to a significant extent to the historical research on the Zhou Dynasty. Especially in the fields of archaeology and literature studies, European scholars have provided important research papers, which are indispensable for a comprehensive understanding of the history of the Zhou."