島嶼居民之地方依附、幸福感、與觀光發展態度之關係──以金門為例

The Relationships among Place Attachment , Well-being, and Attitude of Tourism Development of Island Residents-A Case of Kinmen

居民的態度是觀光發展成功的重要關鍵之一，金門基於地理位置的偏遠及其戰地的歷史背景特色，島上居民對居住地之情感連結產生的地方依附，是否會影響其觀光發展態度？面對島嶼的侷限性，金門居民之幸福感是否也會影響其對觀光發展的態度？島嶼居民的地方依附是否會透過幸福感間接影響其觀光發展態度皆為本研究欲探究的。因此，本研究目的在於探討島嶼居民的地方依附、幸福感、與觀光發展態度三者之間的關係。本研究採問卷調查方式，針對20歲以上金門居民一共獲取有效問卷390份，研究結果顯示居民有較高的地方認同感。結構方程模式結果發現地方依附中的地方認同對觀光發展態度有顯著正向影響。地方依附的地方依賴與地方認同兩構面分別對幸福感的正向情緒與生活滿意有顯著正向影響。然而，地方依附經由幸福感對觀光發展態度的間接效果並不顯著。本研究最後提出管理意涵及未來研究建議。

Residents' attitude toward tourism development is one of the key factors for successful tourism development. Based on the forward geographic position and the background of battle history, will the place attachment of the residents in Kinmen affect their attitudes toward tourism development? And based on the limitations of general islands, will Kinmen residents' well-being affect their attitudes toward tourism development in this island? Thus, the purpose of this study aimed to identify the relationships among place attachment, well-being, and attitude of tourism development of island residents. The questionnaire survey method was employed to acquire data from Kinmen residents aged over 20 years old. A total of 390 valid questionnaires were analyzed. The study results found that the place identity of place attachment variable has positive significant effect on attitudes of tourism development. The place dependence and place identity of place attachment variable had significant positive effect on positive affection and life satisfaction of well-being variable. The indirect effect of place attachment on attitude of tourism development via well-being was not significant. At last, the study proposed some managerial implications and future research suggestions.