紀實攝影中完形法則視覺喜好與意象研究

Documentary Photography in visual preference and image of Gestalt Law

所謂「紀實攝影」，如今早已跳脫原有框架，反而在作品中加入更多視覺元素來吸引目光，如同字面上的意思「記錄真實」，這是紀實攝影的意義也是攝影的本質。本研究為了探求攝影本質與視覺意象，因此將應用完形法則理論的紀實攝影作品透過專家參與法的蒐集與分類後，再透過SD問卷設計分析其喜好度。結果得出在五項完形法則中，最受喜好的樣本三在各組形容詞彙的平均分數中以「創意的」（Mean=4.69，Sd=1.27）為最高，「莊嚴的」（Mean=2.13，Sd=1.12）為最低。這些數據顯示受測者所喜好的樣本為具有「創意的」特性的形容詞語彙而較不偏好具有「莊嚴的」這個形容詞語彙的特性。從前面所述的結果來看，建議創作具有完形法則視覺意象的紀實攝影者，可朝創意感的視覺元素方向來進行構想與創作，將更能貼近觀者的喜好與感受。

Nowadays, ''Documentary Photography'' is already thought out of the box to putting more visual elements into works. As its Chinese literal meaning - recording truth is not only the meaning of documentary photography but the essential of photography. The study explores visual image and the essential of photography. First of all, the documentary photography works which are applied to Gestalt Law are classified by experts. After that, through SD questionnaires to collect the extent-of-preference information by respondents. Among the 5 image samples, as the most likable sample 3 which is regarded as ''creative'' (Mean=4.69, Sd=1.27) is the highest but ''solemn'' (Mean=2.13, Sd=1.12) is the lowest. The data indicated that the samples preferred is featured creative, instead of solemn. From the previous content, the author advises the photographer whom want to create the documentary photography with Gestalt Law visual imagery direct the way to creative element.