東南亞的共享文化與無形文化遺產初探

A Preliminary Study of the Shared Culture and the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Southeast Asia

2018年後，東南亞國家已全數簽署聯合國《保護無形文化遺產公約》，此現象說明，「無形文化遺產」這個新主場，於此刻和未來，正在成為東南亞各國展現軟實力的重要場域。東南亞無形文化遺產的發展與其共享文化有關，東南亞區域由於歷史、族群和宗教等因素長期交融，自古以來形成許多的共享文化，這些共享文化成為當代的無形文化遺產後，反而促使各國保存與保護無形文化遺產，因為各國都想在共享文化中脫穎而出，希望透過無形文化遺產取得世界地位。因此，本文旨在簡介東南亞無形文化遺產，並輔以相關案例說明東南亞國家如何透過無形文化遺產建立各國的文化特色。文末則立足臺灣，展望我國與東南亞藝術發展的可能性。

As of 2018, all Southeast Asian countries have signed the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. This indicates that intangible cultural heritage, a new field, is becoming an important area, especially for Southeast Asian countries. Under such circumstances, these countries can show their soft power, both at present and in the future. The development of the intangible cultural heritage in Southeast Asia is related to its shared culture. Due to the long-term integration of various histories, ethnic groups, and religions in this area, many shared cultures have been forged over the centuries. These shared cultures have become the intangible cultural heritage of various nations, prompting individual Southeast Asian governments to preserve and protect their cultural assets, all countries want to stand out from the shared culture and hope to gain world status through their unique intangible cultural heritage. Therefore, this article aims to introduce the intangible cultural heritage of Southeast Asia and provide relevant cases to illustrate how Southeast Asian countries establish their national cultural characteristics through intangible cultural heritage. Finally, the article discusses the possibility of artistic exchanges between Taiwan and other Southeast Asian countries.