聚落文化資產空間敘事特徵之研究

An Exploration of Narrative Structural Features for Settlements and Groups of Buildings in Cultural Heritage Space

聚落含納了不同歷史時期與不同族群，因應著不同環境所共同建構的家園以及人們所共同活出的空間場所。2016年7月文化資產保存法修法，其中對於「聚落」名稱調整為「聚落建築群」，定義聚落為以空間為主體的有形文化資產，將過去聚落侷限於村落民居類之生活建築群體概念，延展至產業類、軍事類等已無人員使用之建造物群體。此聚落理解方式的轉向，亟待對於聚落文化資產理解方式進行梳理，本文嘗試透過法定「聚落建築群」空間敘事特徵之研析，作為文化社會理解途徑的基礎。桃園地區歷史發展與環境變遷，從原住民、荷治、明鄭、清領、日治、國民政府來臺等六個時期，含納了不同歷史時期與不同族群一起共同建構的生活場域。然而，目前桃園地區尚無一處登錄聚落文化資產，已顯其文資保存機制上的內部性（觀念、認知面）與外部性（法令、工具面）等實際執行的問題。本研究由臺灣目前聚落文化資產登錄理由之空間敘事特徵的內容分析，嘗試研擬聚落文化資產空間敘事特徵架構，同時就桃園地區普查成果的樣本考察，進行以聚落空間敘事特徵為基礎的研究，以作為臺灣聚落空間生產的理解方式。

Settlements comprise various dwellings and structures as a response to different environments and ways of living together and using space over changing historical periods. Following changes to the Preservation of Cultural Properties Law in July 2016, the term ''settlement'' was replaced by ''settlement complex'', mainly to emphasize that the concept of a settlement is space-based and that construction patterns were delineated by the dynamics of the local community. The new term also extends to buildings that have fallen into disuse, including former industrial and military structures. All belong to the ''settlement complex''. This shift in the understanding of settlements urgently needs to be resolved in order to understand cultural assets as settlements. This paper attempts to analyze the spatial narrative features of settlement community as the basis for cultural and social understanding. The historical development and environmental changes in the Taoyuan area include occupation areas jointly constructed by different ethnic groups in different historical periods: From Aboriginal, Dutch, Ming (Zheng), and Qing Dynasties, the Japanese Colonial Period, and, finally, the arrival of the Chinese Nationalist Government (Kuomintang). However, at present, there is not a single registered settlement cultural asset in Taoyuan, a fact that exposes problems with the implementation of internal (concept, and cognition) and external (law, decision-making tools) aspects of cultural property preservation. This study attempts to develop a narrative feature structure for culture heritage space based on an analysis of the spatial narrative characteristics of the current reasons for the registration of cultural assets in Taiwan, using the Taoyuan area as an example to understand the evolution of spatial settlement in Taiwan.