湛江市特殊兒童教育復健政策之研究

Research on the Education and Rehabilitation Policy of Special Children in Zhanjiang City

自有人類，便有教育。教育是推動人類與社會發展的重要因素。隨著中國經濟社會的高速發展，教育的重要性也越來越突出。教育的公平公正逐漸成為全社會的追求，公共政策日益傾斜到社會弱勢群體。特殊兒童作為社會最為弱勢的群體，理應受到社會的大力關注和政策的鼎力支持。然而現實是，在大多數特殊兒童的教育和復健中，他們的父母都將面臨沉重的財務和心理負擔，家長們擔心他們未來的生活和工作面臨巨大的困難。由於這些沒有得到政策的充分保證，這將對實現社會公平與公正產生嚴重影響。隨著國家頒布的各項關於特殊兒童教育的政策，湛江市的特殊教育得到了政府的大力支持。但與發達地區（如南京、北京、廣州、深圳）相比仍存在較大差距，特殊兒童教育復健的供求關係存在急需解決的矛盾。本文運用了文獻查閱法和訪談法，選取湛江市特殊兒童教育政策的執行作為研究對象，首先介紹了特殊兒童、特殊兒童教育政策和政策執行等相關定義及理論基礎。其次簡要概述了中國特殊兒童教育的政策發展演變，再過渡到湛江市現行的政策介紹，說明湛江市特殊兒童教育政策執行的現狀，分析湛江市現行政策執行取得的成效，找出政策執行中存在的問題及產生的原因。最後對湛江市特殊兒童政策有效執行的實現提出對策建議。

Education comes with human beings..Education is an important factor that promotes human and social progress. With the continuous development of China's economy and society，the importance of education is becoming increasingly prominent. Fairness and justice in education have gradually become the pursuit ofthe whole society,and public policies are increasingly inclined to the socially disadvantaged groups. As the most vulnerable group in society,special children deserve the strong attention of society and the support of policies. However，the reality is that in the education and rehabilitation of most special children,their parents will face heavy financial and psychological burdens,worrying that they will face huge difficulties in their future lives and work. Since these are not fully guaranteed by policies,this will have a serious impact on the realization of social fairness and justice.With the various policies on special children education issued by the state,special education in Zhanjiang city has received strong support from the government. However,compared with developed regions (such as Nanjing,Beijing,Guangzhou,and Shenzhen),There is an urgent conflict between the supply and demand of special children’s education. This article is taken the implementation of Zhanjiang city’s special children ’s education policy as the research object,and is used the literature review method and interview method to first introduce the definitions and theoretical basis of special children,special children’s education policy and policy implementation. Secondly,it briefly summarized China ’s special children ’s education policy. Development and evolution,and then it is transitioned to the current policy introduction of Zhanjiang city,is explained the current status of the implementation of special children ’s education policies in Zhanjiang city. By analyzing the effectiveness of the current policy implementation in Zhanjiang city, being found out the problems and caused of policy implementation.Finally,the paper is put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the effective implementation of special children's policies in Zhanjiang city.