親子共廚在提昇收養父母與子女依附關係之成效分析研究

A study of Analysis the Effects of ''Parent-Child Cooking'' on Attachment in Adoptive Families

本研究乃從Landreth's的親子遊戲治療出發，試圖結合生活應用與心理治療，針對收養家庭建構一套具本土性的親職關係處遇之「親子共廚」方案，主要目的係在探討「親子共廚」方案是否能夠有效提升收養父母與子女的依附關係和增進收養父母親職技巧的能力。本研究採單組前後測設計，以三個7－8歲收養童之家庭的母親和子女為對象，進行10週，每次一小時的親子共廚單元，並於每次親子共廚結束後，由心理師與父母進行一小時的親子共廚督導。以「親子互動關係量表」進行前後測相依樣本t檢定考驗其成效，以「親職技巧檢核表」對每週之親子共廚影帶進行歷程分析。研究結果顯示：1.親子共廚能提升養父母與子女的依附關係。在親子互動關係量表之參與性、撫育性和挑戰性分量表上的後測皆有顯著的提升，而在結構性上雖未達顯著，但其呈現上升的狀況。2.親子共廚能增進母親的正向教養技巧：（1）母親回歸責任與增強自尊，促發孩子自發性和信心；（2）母親降低對孩子的高控制和干擾行為，減輕親子衝突。本研究依據研究結果和討論提供給實務工作者和未來研究之建議。

This study is on the basis of Landreth's filial therapy training model. It attempted to combine two specialized fields: ''life application '' and ''psychotherapy'', in the hope of developing 10-week'' Parent-Child Cooking'' program to promote attachment and parenting skills in adoptive families. The Purpose of this study was to explore the effect and process of interaction between parents and adoptee in ''Parent-Child Cooking'' therapy. One-group pretest-posttest and process analyze were used in this study. Three adoptive families with adoptee were aged from 7 to 8 years old, via 10 hour (1Hr/week) ''Parent-Child Cooking'' with video recording. In addition, the program would be facilitated by a counselor. The counselor provide supervision for parents about interaction in '' Parent-Child Cooking '' 10 hour (1Hr/week). As the result of paired-sample t test and observations were examined by visual analysis to the Parent-Child Play Interaction Relationship Scale , Parental Skills Checklist and ''Parent-Child Cooking'' video. The main results included: a.''Parent-Child Cooking'' promoted positive attachment between parents and children: On the subscale of the Parent-Child Play Interaction Relationship Scale, the engagement, challenge, and nurture post-tests had all significant improvement, while the structure was not significant, but it had shown an raising trend; b. ''Parent-Child Cooking'' could improve mothers' parenting skills:(a) mothers returned responsibility to children, enhanced self-esteem, and promoted children's spontaneity and confidence; (b) mothers reduced high-control and interference behaviors to children, thus reducing parent-child conflict. Based on the results of the study, the author provided recommendations for practitioners and future researchers.