家庭重塑團體運用於熟齡者處理未竟事務、提升自我統整及幸福感之成效

The Effect of Family Reconstruction Groups on The Elderly

本研究旨在探討「家庭重塑團體」運用於熟齡者處理未竟事務、提升自我統整及幸福感之立即成效及團體結束4週後的追蹤成效。研究者採準實驗研究法之等組前、後測、追蹤測設計，實驗組和控制組各15名；以單因子共變數分析進行統計考驗，探討實驗成效。實驗組參加為期5週，每次5.5小時的家庭重塑團體；並且於團體結束後一週內，接受半結構式個別訪談，作為研究結果的佐證與補充。研究結果顯示家庭重塑團體對處理「未竟事務」、提升「自我統整」及「幸福感」無立即顯著效果；但在處理「未竟事務」及「幸福感」之追蹤測達顯著成效。質性訪談結果呼應文獻探討及問卷內涵，而且顯示成員於團體結束後需要沈澱與轉化的時間不一，因此不易呈現統計上的立即效果。自我統整的諮商效果雖未達量的顯著，但有質的變化。大體而言，家庭重塑團體是適用於熟齡族群的一種介入方式。

This study aimed to explore the effect of family reconstruction groups on the elderly's unfinished business, self integrity, and well-being. The participants were between 55 and 74 years old in southern Taiwan. The experimental group joined the family reconstruction group for five weeks, 5.5-hour per session. A quasi-experimental method was adopted, which is pre-test, post-test and follow-up-test design on two equivalent groups, fifteen each in the experimental group and control group. In order to to verify and supplement the research outcomes one-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted on the the experimental group within 1 week following the completion of the group. The one-way ANCOVA showed that the family reconstruction group did not have significant effect on the participants' unfinished business, self integrity and well-being right after the group, whereas a significant group effect on the participants' unfinished business and well-being was revealed 4 weeks later. The fact that group members required different amounts of time to reflect upon their experiences and changes from the group could be the reason why an immediate effect was not found. Conversational-style individual interviews enabled the researchers to gain a better understanding of the experience and growth of the elderly in groups. Our findings suggested that the family reconstruction group is suitable for elderly people and worthy of advocated.