本土化卡其領犯罪──以判決書實證軍人毒品犯罪特徵

Localized Khaki Collar Crime-Verdict on The Characteristics of Military Drug Crimes

依據2019年聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室「世界毒品問題報告」之資料顯示世界各國毒品問題依然日益嚴重，但目前國內官方資料，均鮮少針對毒品犯罪在職業類別上之研究。本文茲以1999年至2013年完全由軍事法院製作之判決書類為樣本（計1,430件），實施人工文字探勘後之量化分析，實證本土化卡其領毒品犯罪之特徵，研究發現卡其領毒品犯罪屬性定位應為「軍事職業內部之違反軍人紀律之犯罪」，且其犯罪特徵複雜，對應於不同級別的毒品，會呈現不同的人口、行為及訴訟之顯著性特徵，故甚難歸納出單一核心特徵；藉此，我們亦可得知卡其領毒品犯罪特徵是複合性特徵，在軍中毒品犯罪預防的對策上，可能也必須就不同級別之毒品屬性，調整不同的防治手段，方能對症下藥，並務實地建議未來應以「醫療循環理論」強調持恆落實反毒策略的重要性，提升軍中場域對新興毒品的重視，並思考推動理想型的毒品刑事政策模式，及運用卡其領專業警察，強化毒品查緝工作，以維護軍中純淨。

According to the 2019 World Drug Report from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes, the drug problem in countries around the world remains serious. However, at present, there is little official data on the occupational category of drug crime in Taiwan. This article takes a sample of judgments made by court martial from 1999 to 2013 (1,430 cases) as a sample to carry out a quantitative analysis of the characteristics of localized khaki collar drug crimes. Research has found that khaki collar drug crimes are ''Intraoccupational Military Crime-related crimes against military discipline.'' In addition, the characteristics of crimes are complex. Corresponding to different levels of drugs, different demographic, behavior, and litigation characteristics will appear. Therefore, it is also difficult to summarize the single core of criminal characteristics. We can also know that khaki collar drug crime feature is a compound characteristic. With regard to countermeasures for drug crime prevention in the military, it may be necessary to adjust different prevention and treatment methods for different levels of drugs in order to provide the right medicine. In addition, it should also be pragmatically suggested that ''medical circulation theory'' should be used to emphasize the importance of persistent implementation of anti-drugs in the future, increase the emphasis on emerging drugs in the military, and consider the promotion of idealized drug criminal policies, as well as the use of khaki collar professional police to strengthen drug detection in order to maintain purity in the military.