如何以習慣領域學理論解讀經典：以《孫子兵法》為例

How to Interpret Chinese Classics by Means of Habitual Domains: A Case Study on Sun-Tzu’s The Art of War

核心基座、實際領域、可達領域及潛在領域四者的循環發展，構成了「習慣領域學」之核心理論，其實它們也是天地萬事運行與自然萬物發展的無形軌跡與不變法則。吾人若能深度瞭解它們的特質與互動關係，將有助於對萬事萬物之洞察體悟，這四者可說是習慣領域學理的瑰寶。本研究旨意係延續本刊第8卷第2期研究者〈對習慣領域核心理論與運用的深度探索〉一文，藉此解讀古代經典，印證習慣領域學理之實用價值，也期望提高同修們的學習興致，俾利運用之推廣。中華文化源遠流長，在紙筆發明之前靠的是用竹刻以記錄流傳。古之智者將其一生智慧結晶，以極簡要文字篆竹為簡，字數不多卻寓意深遠，如老子《道德經》、孫武《孫子兵法》，均僅六千餘字，但其思想內涵精深博大，吾人窮數十萬字解讀，未必能盡如原意，癥結在於吾人對單一字上僅能體認其「核心基座」意涵或「實際領域」表述，對於中間「可達領域」與「潛在領域」所蘊含的意境，則無以洞悉，故較難做出最完整解讀。本研究是以「習慣領域學」現代經典，嘗試透過「以經解經」方式解讀《孫子兵法》。本研究先摘該書最有價值的核心理論〈道勝篇〉，透過習慣領域之結構新解，試將〈道勝篇〉深度意涵，做較完整之解析，期使同修們能觸類旁悟，善加運用於其他領域學說之上。

Core bases, actual domains, reachable domains and potential domains, chained in cycling development, comprise the core concepts of habitual domains (HD). In fact, they set up also an intangible track and permanent law by which universal matters and objects happen to work and develop. If we can catch hold of their distinguished contents and learn about their interactive relationships, we will be enlightened to understand all events and things under the sun. Therefore, these four elements together are indeed the gems of habitual domains theory. This paper aims to extend my former article published in Journal of Habitual Domains (Vol. 8, No. 2), titled “Analyzing the core theory of habitual domains in depth and practice,” so as to interpret Chinese classics and verify the realistic value provided from HD theory. Hopefully, this case study can raise the motivation of our co-learners to facilitate and extend habitual domain’s applications. Our Chinese culture runs quite deep and far. Prior to the advent of pen and paper, our forefathers were using bamboo planks on which words were inscribed in order to keep records and passed them down to coming generations. Our ancient sages would refine their life-long wisdom into the most succinct phrases, with fewer words but deeper meanings; such as, Loa-Tzu’s The Book of Ethics, Sun-Tzu’s The Art of War. The words used in either classic number fewer than 6,000, though their thoughts are admirably profound and comprehensive. Nowadays, although we have tried to paraphrase classic words with hundreds of thousand plain words, our modern meanings are still far away from their original ones. The crux of the problem resides in the fact that we modern people can grasp those classic words to such an extent that we only understand their meanings inherent in “core bases” and descriptions revealed from “actual domains”; but we are ignorant of those core bases hidden meanings innate in reachable domains and potential domains. As a result, we sometimes have more difficulties attaining complete explanations for those classics. This paper studies and regards HD theory as one of the modernized classics. I manage to interpret The Art of War by means of so-called “modern classic discloses ancient classic”. From this issue, I am targeting at its very first and the most essential chapter − “To win war on blueprint” as a case study in which I try to interpret this chapter via structural explanations produced by HD theory. With its profound meanings thoroughly explained and analyzed, I wish the HD interpretation on The Art of War can help our co-learners apply the same method to other academic disciplines.