再探客家「義民中學案」

A Review of Hakka “Yi Ming High School Incident”

義民中學是新竹客家義民廟所捐造的中學，目的是為了要培養優秀的客家子弟，但這所學校卻在1951年因為師生涉及中國共產黨之叛亂案，而遭到整肅，「義民中學案」乃成為中國國民黨政權鎮壓與警告客家反抗力量的代表性案件，其影響不單在涉案之當事人及其親屬家破人亡的生命史，也使中國共產黨地下黨之組織及其主義在桃園地區的傳播，遭到嚴重的打擊。
「義民中學案」是客家政治案件的典型，組織的發展依賴客家人際網絡，而這一紅色客家網絡乃跨越了本省與外省客家，而更可溯源自共產黨在廣東客家地區的經營。國民黨政權對「義民中學案」當事人殘酷鎮壓，卻未能消滅人性的光輝。本研究發掘了當事人及其家屬的種種故事，證實了良心的力量，也認識到只有一個維護人權的國家，才值得人民的忠誠。

Yi Ming High School was a school contributed by Hsin Chu Hakka Yi Ming Temple. The purpose of this school was to cultivate the outstanding Hakka youths. However, this school was purged in 1951 for the teachers and students were charged with joining Chinese Communist Party. Yi Ming High School Incident hence becomes the representative case that the Kuomintang regime oppressed and warned the Hakka’s opposition power. It not only impacted the lives of the involved parties and their families, but also significantly struck the underground organization of Chinese Communist Party and its propagation in Tao Yuan area.
This incident is a typical case of Hakka political incidents. The development of the defending organization depended on the Hakka personal networks. The red Hakka network included both the Taiwan Hakka and the Mainland China Hakka, and could be traced back to the Chinese Communist Party’s management in Canton Hakka areas. Although the Kuomintang regime imposed brutal oppression on the involved parties of the Yi Ming High School incident, it could not extinguish the nobility of humanity. This paper recounts a couple of stories of these parties and their families to justify the power of conscience. These stories also let us realize that only state which protects human rights is worthy of people’s loyalty.