散人與放翁：論陸游的自我觀念與自我書寫

San-Ren and Fang-Wang - Lu You's self-concept and self-writing

陸游是一個擁有強烈自我觀念的詩人，不僅形成創作手法的多變，也直接促成其熱衷塑造豐富多元的自我形象。探究陸游的自我觀念，首先是其頻繁使用與陸龜蒙更關的自我稱謂，包括「笠澤」、「甫里」、「散人」，陸游運用這些不同的稱謂，實踐其自我認同。其次，陸游自號「放翁」，實是重新自我定位的開始，成為日後不斷出現於詩作中的自我指稱。第三，除了透過命名、自稱進行自我觀念的重整，陸游還熱衷書寫一個被眾人觀看、關注的自我形象。透過醉酒老翁、獨特衣著，寫出自己在鄉里的知名度，以此進行自我評價。無論是透過典範偶像陸龜蒙，或是在現實中以「放翁」進行自我定位，以及透過眾人的角度書寫作為他者的「我」，均可以說明陸游擁有卓越而獨特的談論自我的詩藝。

Modern psychology considers that the 'self-concept' means the subject is taking the self as the object of inspection and observation. This idea helps to understand self-writing in literature research. Lu You is the one that owns strong self-concept. Under the operation of this personality, Lu You not only developed superior writing skills but also created different self-images. Therefore, this essay is focused on Lu You's display of self-concept and specific self-writing. Section one analyzes the reason that why he frequently uses self-proclaimed names related to Lu Guimeng, including “Li-Ze”, “Fu-li”, “San-ren”. Lu You uses these different titles to practice his self-identity. Section two discusses the self-title of Fang-Weng that has different meanings alone with the development of his life course. Section three discusses how he talks about himself. We found that Lu You sees himself as an object of observation and shapes himself into a popular person. The above performances can prove that Lu You is an excellent self-talker.