走向體育課必修年代──試論民初國術教育的推行與定位

Towards the era of a required physical education course: On the implementation and position of martial arts education in the early Republic of China

本文旨在瞭解 1940 年前後中國國術教育的推行與其地位。內文先闡述教育政策背景，其次敘 明國術教育在學校體育的推行情形，最後討論國術的文化力量。本文研究結果顯示：一、1940 年全 國國民體育會議的議決，讓國術教育不再處於學校體育的邊緣，而是正式納入學校體育必修課程。 二、國術教育的推行，隨著社會環境的需要與主政者的提倡已有明顯的進展，尤其是國術課程的比 重有顯著增加。三、國術作為中國文化身體的象徵，其在學校體育的推展不僅凝聚民眾的認同感， 也體現了中華民族文化的韌性。

This paper aims to understand the policy and implementation of martial arts education around 1940. The paper first elaborated the educational policy background, secondly stated the implementation of Chinese martial arts education in school sports, and finally discussed the cultural power of martial arts. The results have the following three points. The decision of the National Sports Conference in 1940 prompted the martial arts to be officially included in the compulsory curriculum of physical education in school. Besides, the implementation of martial arts education has made significant progress with the social need and the politicians' advocacy, especially in the proportion of technical courses. Moreover, marital arts, as a symbol of the body of Chinese culture, it's promotion in school physical education not only stimulated people's sense of identity, but also reflected the resilience of the Chinese national culture.