聚眾活動違序態樣與警察蒐證勤務規劃之研究

A Study on Mass Movement Disorder Types and Evidence Collecting An example of Zhong Zheng First Precinct

自318太陽花學運以來，幾乎每年就發生一代表之大型聚眾活動，例如，2015年反課綱運動、2016年勞工拒砍七天假、2017年軍公教反年金改革、抗議勞基法修法，此外，陸續尚有國道收費員抗爭、同婚與反同婚、韓國Hydis關廠工人來臺抗爭、返南鐵東移、大觀社區拆遷等陳抗活動，抗爭議題包括政治性、勞權、性別自由、居住正義等，對臺灣政治發展及社會治安造成很大的衝擊。本研究主要目的在探討自太陽花學運後迄今發生之聚眾活動事件之違序態樣，採用文獻探討法、官方資料分析及深度訪談法進行資料蒐集與分析，以目前或曾參與聚眾活動規劃、執行之現場指揮官、承辦人員、蒐證人員等為研究範圍與對象，分析聚眾活動常見行為態樣，並探討現行警察處理聚眾活動之蒐證勤務規劃，期能建構警察面對新型態聚眾活動有效的蒐證方式，進而提升蒐證效能，提供相關單位規劃及因應聚眾活動之參考。本研究主要發現，近年來警察機關移送集會遊行法及相關違序案件之起訴或定罪率皆偏低|雖蒐證在聚眾勤務中有很大重要性，但情報也是最好的武器，如能正確有效地掌握陳抗情資，部署適當警力，在違序狀況即將發生時，現場立即制止或排除，得以減輕事後偵處之勞。根據研究發現，本研究建議，可成立蒐證專責警力，同時執法觀念與時俱進，聚焦蒐證實質惡意行為，並針對偵審結果，分析並編輯卷證，善加利用空拍機等蒐證器材，以利蒐證。

From the Sunflower Movement, serious mass movement was almost be happened every year, for example, the anti-black box curriculum movement in 2015, the one fixed and one flexible day off on new labor laws in 2016, the civil service pension reform in 2017, the Amendment to the Labor Standards Act movement, and also the freeway toll collectors movement, the Korea Hydis workers, Eastward Underground Railway of Tainan, Daguan Homeless, protest issue included political, labor, gender free, living justice, it's a great impact on Taiwan's political development and social security. This study is aimed at the case study of social movements in recent years which happened at Zhong Zheng First Precinct, qualitative research method is used in the study, the research interviewed policemen of Zhong Zheng First Precinct, analyzed mass movement disorder types, discussed evidence collecting operation plan when police dealing with mass movement, to expect to build effective evidence collecting when police dealing with new form mass movement, to enhance evidence collecting effect, make recommendations as adopted for mass movements. This study finds cases of Assembly and Parade Act low and disorder by rate of prosecution or conviction| although evidence collecting is very important when police dealing with mass movement, but the intelligence is also a good weapon, if collect the correct and complete intelligence in advance, arrange appropriate police force, once disorder situation will happen, immediately stop or eliminate in the scene, can be decrease investigations. The study suggests that to build evidence collecting police unit, the law enforcement agency should advance with times, use the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV), and etc. to cope with the new type of mass movement.