系統動態觀點下國家創新系統之探討

A Study of System Dynamics Perspective on National Innovation System

本文基於系統性思考國家創新系統在環境中如何被執行與運作，由於國家創新系統是由多重子系統所建構而成，因此本研究以系統動力學的觀點，由不同面向觀測國家創新系統，並分為科技能耐系統、財務能耐系統、社會能耐系統與政府治理系統。事實上，國家創新系統的評估在近幾年來有一定程度的發展，其評估結果可以應用於對於政府的政策意涵上。尤其最近幾年，各種指標資料可得性與品質的大幅提升，使得研究者可由不同面向趨勢預測國家經濟發展。然而，以系統動態觀點觀測國家創新系統的研究在目前仍居少數，其原因在於國家創新系統至今仍沒有一致的定義，其建構亦缺乏完整、系統性的共識，仍有一連串的議題需要面對與解決。有鑑於此，在研究貢獻上，本文採取整合的方式系統性地分析國家創新系統的要素與次系統，並發展影響國家創新系統之系統動態關係，希望能藉此更深入了解國家創新系統的成份與結構，期能提供政府與業者參考之依據。

This study is based on a systemic thinking of the way how a national innovation system is implemented and operated in the environment. In consideration that a national innovation system is composed of multiple subsystems, this study uses the perspective of system dynamics to observe the system from several different dimensions, and classify them into 4 categories: systems of scientific and technological capability, financial capability, social capability and government governance. In fact, evaluation of national innovation system has been undergone a certain degree of development in recent years, and the evaluation results can be applied to the policy implications of government. Especially in the latest few years, increased availability of information for various types of indicators and its significant quality improvement allow the researchers to predict future national development from trends of different dimensions. However, only a few studies have applied the viewpoint of system dynamics to observe national innovation system, as a result of that there is so far a lack of a common definition with regard to national innovation system, as well as a complete, systematic consensus to its construction. In addition, there are also a series of issues that need to be confronted for solutions. For these reasons, as for the expected contribution, this study, with the adoption of an integrated approach for systematically analyzing the elements and the subsystems of national innovation system, aims to gain a better understanding of the components and the structure and thereby to provide a reference basis of national innovation system to the government and the relevant sectors.