醫院門診長者友善環境之探討——指標之建構

Study on the Friendly Environment for Hospital Outpatients - the Construction of Indicators

本研究目的為探討長者來就醫時對於友善環境的需求，擷取生活品質QOL（quality of life）裡身、心、社會、環境四個面向，藉文獻回顧篩選出相關候選問題，經修正式德爾菲法獲得專家資料，達成共識得出最終相關指標。於2019年4月至5月執行共二回合修正式德爾菲法，每次發放問卷21份，回收有效問卷21份，有效回收率100%，使用SPSS 20統計軟體進行矩陣分析計算出平均數、標準差、眾數、四分位數作為判別標準。研究結果顯示，現有醫院門診友善環境中，患者仍存在身、心、社會、環境需求，例:身-保暖及隱私、心-候診時間及指示清晰、社會-工作人員之溝通態度、環境-侯診資訊及道路設計。但醫院友善環境建構之研究在國內屬少見，且實際參與之專業領域專家人數及研究執行時間均有限，故本研究僅是醫院友善環境指標建構之先驅研究，用以發覺現有不足之處，經歸納整理，期望能成為臨床上參考之指標，提供來診患者更加友善的門診就醫環境。研究結果須進一步進行實務應用並經指標建構相關信效度之檢驗，方能成為醫院管理實務上有用之參考指標。

The purpose of this study is to explore the needs of the elderly for a friendly environment when they come to the hospital, and to draw the four aspects of life quality, heart, society and environment in QOL (quality of life). The Philippine Law obtained expert information and reached a consensus to arrive at the final relevant indicators. From April to May 2019, a total of two rounds of modified Delphi method were implemented, 21 questionnaires were issued each time, 21 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 100%. The average number was calculated using matrix analysis of SPSS 20 statistical software. Standard deviation, mode, and quartile are used as criteria. The results show that in the friendly environment of existing hospital outpatients, patients still have physical,psychological, social and environmental needs, like: physical -warm and privacy, psychological -waiting time and clear instructions, social-worker communication attitude, environment- Hou Medical information and road design. However, the research on the hospital's friendly environment construction is rare in Taiwan, and the number of experts in the professional field and the research execution time are limited. Therefore, this study is only a pioneering study on the construction of hospital friendly environmental indicators to detect existing deficiencies. Inductively sorted out, it is expected to become a reference for clinical reference, providing a more friendly outpatient medical environment for visiting patients. The research results must be further applied in practice and tested by the relevant reliability and validity of the indicators to become a useful reference indicator for hospital management practice.