民國40到90年代國小國語教科書中學生角色之分析

The Student Role Described in the Language Textbooks of Elementary School with the Versions from 1950's to 2010's

本研究旨在探討民國40至90年代，近六十年來國小國語教科書中學生角色之變化。先採質性研究，歸納學生角色類目，再將所獲得之3354筆學生角色陳述，以SPSS for windows 14.0版套裝軟體進行次數分配及卡方檢定。研究發現：1.民國40至90年代國小國語教科書中之學生角色包括學生個人特質、學習態度與表現、及品德與行為表現三項內涵。2.國小國語教科書中的學生角色內涵，以品德與行為表現之出現次數最多，學習態度與表現次之，學生個人特質最少，近六十年來三者排序並無改變，顯示國小學生角色不變的一面。3.國小國語教科書中最常出現的學生角色次類目在各年代不盡相同，趨勢是從國家為主體到個人為主體，反映國小學生角色改變的一面。

This study explores the changing of the student role described in the Language Textbooks of the elementary school with the versions from 1950's to 2010's. By the method of qualitative analysis, three categories of student roles containing 3354 statements were inductively obtained. These statements were subsequently analyzed by Frequencies, and Chi-square test using SPSS for windows 14.0 as software. The findings of this study are summarized as follows. 1. Three categories of student role which are personal characteristic, learning attitude and performance as well as moral and behavior were identified in these textbooks. 2. According to the ratio of frequency, the rank of the three categories was moral and behavior, learning attitude and performance, personal characteristic in all versions; this reveals the unchanging facet of student role. 3. The trend for distinctive subcategories of student roles found in each version was from nationalism to individualism, and this reveals the changing facets of student role.