台語使用者和上海話使用者的日語語中閉塞音／t/和／d/的發音──關於音節時長的控制

The Production of Japanese Intervocalic /t/ and /d/ by Taiwanese and Shang-Hai Dialect Speaking Learners: With a Special Focus on Durational Control

本研究在探討台語使用者和上海話使用者在區分日語語中閉塞音/t/和/d/的時候，是否因為閉塞音是有聲音或是無聲音來對其音節時長做調整。如果是的話，學習者對哪一個部份的音節時長做調整，而這樣的調整是否又受到語速的影響。語音實驗的結果指出，台語使用者和上海話使用者在發有聲音及無聲音時會特別調整VOT的長度，而在語速較慢的時候有聲音的VOT跟無聲音的VOT之間的差距會增大。另外，本研究也發現台語使用者在發/d/的時候，其塞音閉塞時長會大於/t/。另外，台語使用者也有拉長/d/的前母音的傾向。

This paper examines if Taiwanese and Shang-Hai dialect speaking learners control durational factors when they produce intervocalic /t/ and /d/ in Japanese, and if so, which durational factors they control, the influence of speaking rates, and the differences between the two groups. The results show that both groups control VOT to produce the voicing distinction and that the duration difference of VOT between /t/ and /d/ was greater for slow speech. However, Taiwanese learners produce a longer closure duration for /d/ than /t/ and they show preceding vowel lengthening.