性侵害兒童意願的形成

Formation of the Proclivity for Sexual Abuse Against Children

目前國內性侵害兒童行為的相關知識相當欠缺，並且國內與國外研究皆缺乏性侵害兒童意願形成的探討，有鑑於此，本研究從早年經驗、心理與行為特徵、及社會文化因素的知覺三個面向，提出影響性侵害兒童意願形成的理論模型。此一模型指出，偏差性興奮、偏差認知（性侵害兒童迷思）、及反社會性格，對性侵害兒童意願的形成具有直接影響；社會文化因素的知覺對偏差性興奮及偏差認知的形成具有直接影響；童年遭遇性虐待對偏差性興奮的形成具有直接影響；童年遭遇性虐待與身體虐待、拒絕、忽視，對反社會性格的形成具有直接影響。本研究目的在於檢證此一理論模型。以無記名自陳式問卷調查法蒐集資料。研究參與者包括監獄中的男性受刑人915位，以及大學男性學生559位。以結構方程模式檢證理論模型，結果發現：無論在監獄男性受刑人或大學男生樣本上，測量模型皆具有可接受的信度與效度，結構模型在多數指標上顯示適配，說明本研究的理論模型受到觀測資料的支持。此一模型對男性受刑人與男性大學生性侵害兒童意願的解釋力分別為77%、73%。文末就研究結果的理論意涵、實務應用、研究限制與未來研究方向進行討論。

Given the lack of knowledge on child sexual abuse in Taiwan and the limited investigation of child sexual abuse proclivity in both Taiwan and Western countries, this study proposes and examines a theoretical model of child sexual abuse proclivity from the perspectives of early experiences, psychological and behavioral characteristics, and sociocultural perception. The proposed model indicates that deviant sexual arousal, distorted cognitions (child sexual abuse myths), and an antisocial personality directly affect the formation of child sexual abuse proclivity; sociocultural perception directly affects the formation of deviant sexual arousal and distorted cognitions; childhood sexual abuse experiences directly influence the formation of deviant sexual arousal; and childhood sexual abuse experience, primary caretaker's physical abuse, rejection, and neglect directly affect the formation of an antisocial personality. We used an anonymous self-report questionnaire to collect data. The research sample comprised 915 male inmates and 559 male college students. Structural equation modeling was employed to verify the proposed model. The results show that the measurement model attained acceptable reliability and validity. Furthermore, the structural model was supported by observable data and most fit indices in both samples, accounting for 77% of the variance in child sexual abuse proclivity in the male inmates and 73% of the variance in the college students. Finally, this paper discusses the theoretical implications of the research results, as well as the practical applications, research limitations, and future research directions.